qt图表一 ：splinechart

Qt - QTChart绘制图表
先运行一个splinechart例子：
main.cpp

#include "widget.h"
#include <QApplication>
#include <QtWidgets/QApplication>
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include <QtCharts/QChartView>
#include <QtCharts/QSplineSeries>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    Widget w;
    w.resize(800, 600);
    w.show();

    return a.exec();
}

widget.h

#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H
#include <QtCharts/QtCharts>
QT_CHARTS_USE_NAMESPACE
#include <QWidget>

namespace Ui {
class Widget;
}

class Widget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit Widget(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~Widget();

private:
    Ui::Widget *ui;
};

#endif // WIDGET_H

widget.cpp

#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"
#include <QtWidgets/QApplication>
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include <QtCharts/QChartView>
#include <QtCharts/QSplineSeries>
// 引用命名空间
QT_CHARTS_USE_NAMESPACE

Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent) :
    QWidget(parent),
    ui(new Ui::Widget)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    QSplineSeries *series = new QSplineSeries();
    series->setName("spline");
    //![1]

    //![2]
    series->append(0, 6);
    series->append(2, 4);
    series->append(3, 8);
    series->append(7, 4);
    series->append(10, 5);
    *series << QPointF(11, 1) << QPointF(13, 3) << QPointF(17, 6) << QPointF(18, 3) << QPointF(20, 2);
    //![2]

    //![3]
    QChart *chart = new QChart();
    chart->legend()->hide();
    chart->addSeries(series);
    chart->setTitle("Simple spline chart example");
    chart->createDefaultAxes();
    chart->axisY()->setRange(0, 10);
    //![3]

    //![4]
    QChartView *chartView = new QChartView(chart);
    chartView->setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing);
    //![4]

    QGridLayout *baseLayout = new QGridLayout(this); //便于显示，创建网格布局,
    baseLayout->addWidget(chartView, 1, 0);// chartView显示到QWidget控件

}

Widget::~Widget()
{
    delete ui;
}

.pro

#-------------------------------------------------
#
# Project created by QtCreator 2021-10-09T15:24:29
#
#-------------------------------------------------

QT       += core gui charts

greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

TARGET = splinechart
TEMPLATE = app

# The following define makes your compiler emit warnings if you use
# any feature of Qt which as been marked as deprecated (the exact warnings
# depend on your compiler). Please consult the documentation of the
# deprecated API in order to know how to port your code away from it.
DEFINES += QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS

# You can also make your code fail to compile if you use deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
# You can also select to disable deprecated APIs only up to a certain version of Qt.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0


SOURCES += \
        main.cpp \
        widget.cpp

HEADERS += \
        widget.h

FORMS += \
        widget.ui

绘制平滑曲线的步骤

1. 创建平滑曲线上点的序列
   QSplineSeries *series = new QSplineSeries();
   添加点的方式有两种

    	```cpp
    	series->append(0, 6);//方法一
    	*series << QPointF(11, 1)//方法二
    	```
   

2. 创建QChart
   QChart *chart = new QChart();
   说明 QChart 管理不同类型的序列和其他与图表相关的对象，例如坐标轴及图例。
   设置坐标轴等参数（略 见代码）
   把平滑曲线上点的序列添加到 QChart
   chart->addSeries(series);

3. 创建 QChartView
   QChartView *chartView = new QChartView(chart);
   说明 QChartView 是 QChart 的视图组件，用于显示。在 QtCreator 中使用 QChartView 可以放置一个 QWidget，然后升级为 QChartView。

4. 显示平滑曲线到QWidget
   QGridLayout *baseLayout = new QGridLayout(this); //便于显示，创建网格布局,
   baseLayout->addWidget(chartView, 1, 0);// chartView显示到QWidget控件

注意：
刚开始看代码时，疑惑添加点的方式，为了验证我修改了部分代码：

    //![2]平滑点
    QSplineSeries *series = new QSplineSeries();
    series->append(0, 6);
    series->append(2, 4);
    series->append(3, 8);
    series->append(7, 4);
    series->append(10, 5);
    *series << QPointF(11, 1) << QPointF(13, 3) << QPointF(17, 6) << QPointF(18, 3) << QPointF(20, 2);

    //散列点
    QScatterSeries *scatterSeries = new QScatterSeries();
    scatterSeries->append(11, 1);
    scatterSeries->append(13, 3);
    scatterSeries->append(17, 6);
    scatterSeries->append(18, 3);
    scatterSeries->append(20, 2);

    scatterSeries->setBorderColor(QColor(21, 100, 255)); //离散点边框颜色
    scatterSeries->setBrush(QBrush(QColor(21, 100, 255)));//离散点背景色
    scatterSeries->setMarkerSize(12); //离散点大小
    //![2]

    //![3]
    QChart *chart = new QChart();
    chart->legend()->hide();
    chart->addSeries(series);
    chart->addSeries(scatterSeries);

最终效果图：
图中有平滑点（QSplineSeries 提供）和散列点（QScatterSeries 提供）