15. 3sum（重要）

15. 3Sum

Given an array S of n integers, are there elements a, b, c in S such that a + b + c = 0? Find all unique triplets in the array which gives the sum of zero.

Note: The solution set must not contain duplicate triplets.

For example, given array S = [-1, 0, 1, 2, -1, -4],

A solution set is:
[
  [-1, 0, 1],
  [-1, -1, 2]
]

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虽然比较简单，但提交几次都有几个案例没有通过。

注意几点。

1.为避免重复加上判断if (i == 0 || nums[i] != nums[i - 1])

2.一个循环里也可能有多个解，因此不能break，而且为避免重复：

						pa++; pb--;
						while (pa<pb&&nums[pa - 1] == nums[pa]) pa++;
						while (pa<pb&&nums[pb + 1] == nums[pb]) pb--;

class Solution {
public:
	vector<vector<int>> threeSum(vector<int>& nums) {
		sort(nums.begin(), nums.end());
		vector<vector<int>> res;
		for (int i = 0; i < nums.size(); i++){
			if (i == 0 || nums[i] != nums[i - 1]){///
				int sum = -nums[i];
				int pa = i + 1, pb = nums.size() - 1;
				while (pa < pb){
					if (nums[pa] + nums[pb] == sum){
						vector<int> item;
						item.push_back(nums[i]);
						item.push_back(nums[pa]);
						item.push_back(nums[pb]);
						res.push_back(item);
						//break;
						pa++; pb--;
						while (pa<pb&&nums[pa - 1] == nums[pa]) pa++;
						while (pa<pb&&nums[pb + 1] == nums[pb]) pb--;
					}
					else if (nums[pa] + nums[pb]>sum){
						pb--;
					}
					else{
						pa++;
					}
				}
			}
			}
		return res;
	}
};

还有几个类似的题：

 

1. Two Sum（重要！）

16. 3Sum Closest(重要)