0701表单组件-react-仿低代码平台项目

1 react表单组件

input表单组件

import { ChangeEvent, useState } from "react";

function App() {
  const [text, setText] = useState<string>("hello");

  function handleChange(e: ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) {
    setText(e.target.value);
  }

  return (
    <>
      <p>APP</p>
      <div>
        <input value={text} onChange={handleChange} />
      </div>
  );
}

export default App;

1.1 受控组件 (Controlled Components)

通过 React 的 state 和 onChange 事件动态管理表单输入的值，表单数据由 React 组件控制。

示例代码：

import React, { useState } from 'react';

function ControlledForm() {
  const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
    username: '',
    email: '',
    password: ''
  });

  const handleChange = (e) => {
    const { name, value } = e.target;
    setFormData(prev => ({
      ...prev,
      [name]: value
    }));
  };

  const handleSubmit = (e) => {
    e.preventDefault();
    console.log('提交数据:', formData);
    // 发送到 API 或进一步处理
  };

  return (
    <form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
      <input
        type="text"
        name="username"
        value={formData.username}
        onChange={handleChange}
        placeholder="用户名"
      />
      <input
        type="email"
        name="email"
        value={formData.email}
        onChange={handleChange}
        placeholder="邮箱"
      />
      <input
        type="password"
        name="password"
        value={formData.password}
        onChange={handleChange}
        placeholder="密码"
      />
      <button type="submit">提交</button>
    </form>
  );
}

---

1.2 非受控组件 (Uncontrolled Components)

使用 ref 直接访问 DOM 元素的值，适用于简单场景或需要手动操作 DOM 的情况。

示例代码：

import React, { useRef } from 'react';

function UncontrolledForm() {
  const usernameRef = useRef();
  const emailRef = useRef();
  const passwordRef = useRef();

  const handleSubmit = (e) => {
    e.preventDefault();
    const data = {
      username: usernameRef.current.value,
      email: emailRef.current.value,
      password: passwordRef.current.value
    };
    console.log('提交数据:', data);
  };

  return (
    <form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
      <input type="text" ref={usernameRef} placeholder="用户名" />
      <input type="email" ref={emailRef} placeholder="邮箱" />
      <input type="password" ref={passwordRef} placeholder="密码" />
      <button type="submit">提交</button>
    </form>
  );
}

---

2 AntD表单组件实战

2.1 开发搜索功能

基础ListSearch.tsx代码如下：

import { FC, useState } from "react";
import type { ChangeEvent } from "react";
import { Input } from "antd";

const { Search } = Input;

const ListSearch: FC = () => {
  const [value, setValue] = useState("");

  function handleChange(e: ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) {
    setValue(e.target.value);
  }

  function handleSearch(value: string) {
    console.log(value);
  }

  return (
    <Search
      size="large"
      allowClear
      placeholder="输入关键字"
      value={value}
      onChange={handleChange}
      onSearch={handleSearch}
      style={{ width: "60%" }}
    />
  );
};

export default ListSearch;

效果如下图所示：

搜索之后，如果刷新页面，我们希望展示内容和刷新之前一样，需要我们把搜索“参数值”放入URL,改造之后的代码如下：

import { FC, useEffect, useState } from "react";
import type { ChangeEvent } from "react";
import { useNavigate, useLocation, useSearchParams } from "react-router-dom";
import { Input } from "antd";

import { LIST_SEARCH_PARAM_KEY } from "../constant";

const { Search } = Input;

const ListSearch: FC = () => {
  const nav = useNavigate();
  const { pathname } = useLocation();

  const [value, setValue] = useState("");

  function handleChange(e: ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) {
    setValue(e.target.value);
  }

  // 获取url参数，并设置input value
  const [searchParams] = useSearchParams();
  useEffect(() => {
    const curVal = searchParams.get(LIST_SEARCH_PARAM_KEY) || "";
    setValue(curVal);
  }, [searchParams]);

  function handleSearch(value: string) {
    nav({
      pathname,
      search: `${LIST_SEARCH_PARAM_KEY}=${value}`,
    });
  }

  return (
    <Search
      size="large"
      allowClear
      placeholder="输入关键字"
      value={value}
      onChange={handleChange}
      onSearch={handleSearch}
      style={{ width: "60%" }}
    />
  );
};

export default ListSearch;

效果如下图所示：

2.2 开发注册页

Register.tsx基础代码如下：

import { FC } from "react";
import { Link } from "react-router-dom";
import { Typography, Space, Form, Input, Button } from "antd";
import { UserAddOutlined } from "@ant-design/icons";

import { LOGIN_PATHNAME } from "../router";

import styles from "./Register.module.scss";

const { Title } = Typography;

const Register: FC = () => {
  function onFinish(values: any) {
    // todo 注册api
    console.log(values);
  }

  return (
    <div className={styles.container}>
      <div>
        <Space>
          <Title level={2}>
            <UserAddOutlined />
          </Title>
          <Title level={2}>注册新用户</Title>
        </Space>
      </div>
      <div>
        <Form
          labelCol={{ span: 6 }}
          wrapperCol={{ span: 16 }}
          onFinish={onFinish}
        >
          <Form.Item label="用户名" name="username">
            <Input />
          </Form.Item>
          <Form.Item label="密码" name="password">
            <Input.Password />
          </Form.Item>
          <Form.Item label="确认密码" name="confirm">
            <Input.Password />
          </Form.Item>
          <Form.Item label="昵称" name="nickname">
            <Input />
          </Form.Item>
          <Form.Item wrapperCol={{ offset: 6, span: 16 }}>
            <Space>
              <Button type="primary" htmlType="submit">
                注册
              </Button>
              <Link to={LOGIN_PATHNAME}>已有账户，登录</Link>
            </Space>
          </Form.Item>
        </Form>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
};
export default Register;

带完善功能：

• 样式优化
• 表单校验，比如用户名特殊字符校验，密码安全校验，确认密码一致校验等

2.3 开发登录页

页面和注册相似，表单组件变少，Login.tsx代码如下：

import { FC, useEffect } from "react";
import { Link } from "react-router-dom";
import { Typography, Space, Form, Input, Button, Checkbox } from "antd";
import { UserAddOutlined } from "@ant-design/icons";

import { REGISTER_PATHNAME } from "../router";

import styles from "./Register.module.scss";
import Password from "antd/es/input/Password";

const { Title } = Typography;

const USERNAME_KEY = "usename";
const PASSWORD_KEY = "password";

/**
 * 浏览器本地存储用户信息
 * @param username 用户名
 * @param password 密码
 */
function rememberUser(username: string, password: string) {
  localStorage.setItem(USERNAME_KEY, username);
  localStorage.setItem(PASSWORD_KEY, password);
}

/**
 * 浏览器本地删除用户信息
 * @param username 用户名
 * @param password 密码
 */
function deleteUserFromStorage(username: string, password: string) {
  localStorage.removeItem(USERNAME_KEY);
  localStorage.removeItem(PASSWORD_KEY);
}

/**
 * 浏览器本地获取用户信息
 */
function getUserInfoFromStorage() {
  return {
    username: localStorage.getItem(USERNAME_KEY),
    password: localStorage.getItem(PASSWORD_KEY),
  };
}

const Login: FC = () => {
  // 表单组件初始化
  const [form] = Form.useForm();
  useEffect(() => {
    const { username, password } = getUserInfoFromStorage();
    form.setFieldsValue({ username, password });
  }, []);

  function onFinish(values: any) {
    // todo 注册api
    console.log(values);
    const { username, password, remember } = values || {};
    if (remember) {
      rememberUser(username, password);
    } else {
      deleteUserFromStorage(username, password);
    }
  }

  return (
    <div className={styles.container}>
      <div>
        <Space>
          <Title level={2}>
            <UserAddOutlined />
          </Title>
          <Title level={2}>用户登录</Title>
        </Space>
      </div>
      <div>
        <Form
          labelCol={{ span: 6 }}
          wrapperCol={{ span: 16 }}
          onFinish={onFinish}
          initialValues={{ remember: true }}
          form={form}
        >
          <Form.Item label="用户名" name="username">
            <Input />
          </Form.Item>
          <Form.Item label="密码" name="password">
            <Input.Password />
          </Form.Item>
          <Form.Item
            wrapperCol={{ offset: 6, span: 16 }}
            name="remember"
            valuePropName="checked"
          >
            <Checkbox>记住我</Checkbox>
          </Form.Item>
          <Form.Item wrapperCol={{ offset: 6, span: 16 }}>
            <Space>
              <Button type="primary" htmlType="submit">
                登录
              </Button>
              <Link to={REGISTER_PATHNAME}>注册新用户</Link>
            </Space>
          </Form.Item>
        </Form>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
};
export default Login;

解析：

• Form.useForm()：antd提供的第三方hooks
• LocalStorage：浏览器本地存储对象
• 记住我：勾选“记住我”，存储用户信息；不勾选，清理存储的用户信息；页面初始化时，回显用户信息

2.4 表单组件校验

antd表单校验详细参考下面链接1，这里以注册页表单校验为例，演示常见校验规则配置，Register.tsx代码如下：

...

const Register: FC = () => {
...
  return (
    <div className={styles.container}>
  		...
      <div>
        <Form
          labelCol={{ span: 6 }}
          wrapperCol={{ span: 16 }}
          onFinish={onFinish}
        >
          <Form.Item
            label="用户名"
            name="username"
            rules={[
              { required: true, message: "请输入用户名" },
              {
                type: "string",
                min: 5,
                max: 20,
                message: "字符长度再5-20之间",
              },
              {
                pattern: /^\w$/,
                message: "只能是字母数字下划线",
              },
            ]}
          >
            <Input />
          </Form.Item>
          <Form.Item
            label="密码"
            name="password"
            rules={[
              { required: true, message: "请输入用户名" },
              {
                min: 8,
                message: "密码长度最少8位",
              },
            ]}
          >
            <Input.Password />
          </Form.Item>
          <Form.Item
            label="确认密码"
            name="confirm"
            dependencies={["password"]}
            rules={[
              {
                required: true,
                message: "请输入确认密码",
              },
              ({ getFieldValue }) => ({
                validator(_, value) {
                  if (!value || getFieldValue("password") === value) {
                    return Promise.resolve();
                  } else {
                    return Promise.reject(new Error("两次密码不一致"));
                  }
                },
              }),
            ]}
          >
            <Input.Password />
          </Form.Item>
         ...
        </Form>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
};
export default Register;

效果如下图所示：

结语

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