http://blog.oracle.com.cn/index.php/67239/viewspace-7456.html
常用的分析函数如下所列:
示例:
14:33:29 SQL> select type,qty from test;
TYPE QTY
---------- ----------
1 3
1 6
2 5
2 9
2 7
14:33:36 SQL> select type,qty,to_char(row_number() over(partition by type order by qty))||'/'||to_char(count(*) over(partition by type)) as cnt2 from test;
TYPE QTY CNT2
---------- ---------- ------------
1 3 1/2
1 6 2/2
2 5 1/3
2 7 2/3
2 9 3/3
SQL> select * from test;
ID MC
---------- --------------------------------------------------
1 11111
2 22222
3 33333
4 44444
SQL>SQL> select t.id,mc,to_char(b.rn)||'/'||t.id
2 from test t,
3 (select rownum rn from (select max(to_number(id)) mid from test) connect by rownum <=mid ) b
where b.rn<=to_number(t.id)
order by id,
6 /
ID MC TO_CHAR(B.RN)||'/'||T.ID
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------
1 11111 1/1
2 22222 1/2
2 22222 2/2
3 33333 1/3
3 33333 2/3
3 33333 3/3
4 44444 1/4
4 44444 2/4
4 44444 3/4
4 44444 4/4
10 rows selected
*******************************************************************
关于partition by
这些都是分析函数,好像是8.0以后才有的 row_number()和rownum差不多,功能更强一点(可以在各个分组内从1开时排序) rank()是跳跃排序,有两个第二名时接下来就是第四名(同样是在各个分组内) dense_rank()l是连续排序,有两个第二名时仍然跟着第三名。相比之下row_number是没有重复值的 lag(arg1,arg2,arg3): arg1是从其他行返回的表达式 arg2是希望检索的当前行分区的偏移量。是一个正的偏移量,时一个往回检索以前的行的数目。 arg3是在arg2表示的数目超出了分组的范围时返回的值。
1.
select deptno,row_number() over(partition by deptno order by sal) from emp order by deptno;
2.
select deptno,rank() over (partition by deptno order by sal) from emp order by deptno;
3.
select deptno,dense_rank() over(partition by deptno order by sal) from emp order by deptno;
4.
select deptno,ename,sal,lag(ename,1,null) over(partition by deptno order by ename) from emp ord er by deptno;
5.
select deptno,ename,sal,lag(ename,2,'example') over(partition by deptno order by ename) from em p
order by deptno;
6.
select deptno, sal,sum(sal) over(partition by deptno) from emp;--每行记录后都有总计值
select deptno, sum(sal) from emp group by deptno;
7. 求每个部门的平均工资以及每个人与所在部门的工资差额
select deptno,ename,sal ,
round(avg(sal) over(partition by deptno)) as dept_avg_sal,
round(sal-avg(sal) over(partition by deptno)) as dept_sal_diff
from emp;