《Python高效开发实战》读书笔记（1）

一. 变长参数函数

变长参数的函数，是指参数个数可变、参数类型不定的函数。

Python中允许两种类型的函数变长参数

 

1. 元祖（Tuple）变长参数： 适用于位置参数的数量不固定，但在函数中使用这些参数时候，无需知道这些参数的名字的场合。在函数定义中，元祖变长参数用星号‘*’表示

def show_message(message,*tupleName):
    for name in tupleName:
        print message,",",name

if __name__ == '__main__':
    show_message("Good Morning","Jack","Evans","Rosa Hasa",893,"Zion")

运行结果：

Good Morning , Jack
Good Morning , Evans
Good Morning , Rosa Hasa
Good Morning , 893
Good Morning , Zion

2. 字典（Dictionary）变长参数： 适用于位置参数的数量不固定，但在函数中使用这些参数时候，需要知道这些参数的名字的场合。在函数定义中，字典变长参数用双星号‘**’表示

from django.template.defaultfilters import title
def check_book(**dictParm):
    if dictParm.has_key('Price'):
        price = int (dictParm['Price'])
        if price > 100:
            print "******I want to buy this book!******"
    print "The book information are as follows:"
    for key in dictParm.keys():
        print key,":",dictParm[key]
    print ""
    
if __name__ == "__main__":
    check_book(author="James", Title='Economics Introduction')
    check_book(author="Linda",Title="Deppin in Python",Date="2015-5-1",Price=302)
    check_book(Date="2002-3-19",Title="Cooking book",Price =20)

运行结果：

The book information are as follows:
Title : Economics Introduction
author : James

******I want to buy this book!******
The book information are as follows:
Date : 2015-5-1
Price : 302
Title : Deppin in Python
author : Linda

The book information are as follows:
Date : 2002-3-19
Price : 20
Title : Cooking book

二. 匿名函数

匿名函数是指易雷，无需定义标识符（函数名）的函数或者子程序，一般用于代码中存在一次函数引用的场合。

Python用lambda语法定义匿名函数

#example for Lambda function in python

import datetime
from test.pickletester import __main__

def nameFunc(a):
    return "I'm named function with param %s" %a

def call_func(func,param):
    print datetime.datetime.now()
    print func(param)
    print ""
    
if __name__ == "__main__":
    call_func(nameFunc, 'hello')
    call_func(lambda x: x*2,9)
    call_func(lambda y: y*y,-4)

运行结果

2019-07-05 20:50:54.237000
I'm named function with param hello

2019-07-05 20:50:54.237000
18

2019-07-05 20:50:54.237000
16