python中关于继承以及相关代码

继承是指这样一种能力：它可以使用现有类的所有功能，并在无需重新编写原来的类的情况下对这些功能进行扩展。

class Animal(object):   #编写Animal类
    def run(self):
        print("Animal is running...")

class Dog(Animal):  #Dog类继承Amimal类，没有run方法
    pass

class Cat(Animal):  #Cat类继承Animal类，有自己的run方法
    def run(self):
        print('Cat is running...')
    pass

class Car(object):  #Car类不继承，有自己的run方法
    def run(self):
        print('Car is running...')

class Stone(object):  #Stone类不继承，也没有run方法
    pass

def run_twice(animal):
    animal.run()
    animal.run()

run_twice(Animal())
输出：
Animal is running...
Animal is running...
run_twice(Dog())
输出：
Animal is running...
Animal is running...
run_twice(Cat())
输出：
Cat is running...
Cat is running...
run_twice(Car())
输出：
Car is running...
Car is running...
run_twice(Stone())
输出：
AttributeError: 'Stone' object has no attribute 'run'

还有一种写法，但父类和子类中定义功能函数名字需要不同。如下：

class Animal(object):   #编写Animal类
    def run(self):
        print("Animal is running...")

class Cat(Animal):  #Cat类继承Animal类，有自己的run方法
    def runing(self):#改动：run改为runing
        print('Cat is running...')
c=Cat() #定义一个c等于cat类
c.runing()#调用cat中runing的功能
输出：Cat is running...
c.run#调用Animal中run的功能
输出：Animal is running...