flutter+Dart 类的继承（七）

1 关键字

dart类的继承是用 extends关键字。

class Person {
  String name = '张三';
  num age = 30;
  void printInfo() {
    print('$name,$age');
  }
}

class Boy extends Person {}

main() {
  final boy = Boy();
  print(boy.name);
  boy.printInfo();
}

使用super关键字来访问父类：

class Person {
  String name;
  num age;
  Person(this.name, this.age);
  void printInfo() {
    print('$name,$age');
  }
}

class Boy extends Person {
  Boy(String name, num age) : super(name, age);
}

main() {
  final boy = Boy ('hhh', 12);
  boy.printInfo(); 
}

2 类的扩展

在扩展中定义新的属性和方法。

class Person {
  String name;
  num age;
  Person(this.name, this.age);
  void show(String msg){
      ///show the text
  }
  void printInfo() {
    show('$name,$age');
  }
}
 
class Boy extends Person {
  String? className; ///私有变量
  Boy(String name, num age, String cls) : super(name, age){
    className = cls;
  }
  void goToClass(){ ///私有方法
    show('$name go to $className');
  }
}

main() {
  final boy = Boy ('hhh', 12);
  boy.printInfo(); 
}

3 私有和公有变量

dart使用下划线来标记私有变量。

class Person {
  String name;
  num age;
  Person(this.name, this.age);
  void show(String msg){
      ///show the text
  }
  void printInfo() {
    show('$name,$age');
  }
}
 
class Boy extends Person {
  String? _className; ///私有变量
  Boy(String name, num age, String cls) : super(name, age){
    _className = cls;
  }
  void _goToClass(){ ///私有方法
    show('$name go to $_className');
  }
}
main() {
  final boy = Boy ('hhh', 12);
  boy.printInfo(); 
}

4 方法的覆盖

使用@override标记

class Person {
  String name;
  num age;
  Person(this.name, this.age);
  void show(String msg){
      ///show the text
  }
  void printInfo() {
    show('$name,$age');
  }
}
 
class Boy extends Person {
  String? _className; ///私有变量
  Boy(String name, num age, String cls) : super(name, age){
    _className = cls;
  }
  void _goToClass(){ ///私有方法
    show('$name go to $_className');
  }
  @override  
  void printInfo() {
    show('$name,$age,$_className');
  }
}

main() {
  final boy = Boy ('hhh', 12);
  boy.printInfo(); 
}