假设一个6*6的平面,这个平面的行和列可以自由的变换。有4点的数列排列为
通过4-5-4的方式演化
得到
4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 12 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 14 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
2 | 1 | 3 | 12 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 8 | 4 | 7 | 14 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
3 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 5 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
4 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 13 | 16 |
5 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 13 | 16 |
6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 13 | 16 |
这个数列迭代5次的时候收敛。对应的稳定态是
6 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 13 | 16 |
现在改变初始数列的顺序,观察对结果的影响。
首先让2,3对调
4 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 14 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
2 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 5 | 2 | 8 | 7 | 4 | 14 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
3 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 7 | 14 | 4 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
4 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 8 | 12 | 2 | 7 | 14 | 4 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
5 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 8 | 12 | 2 | 7 | 14 | 4 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
6 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 8 | 12 | 2 | 7 | 14 | 4 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
对调3,4
4 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 12 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 8 | 7 | 11 | 14 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
2 | 1 | 3 | 12 | 6 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 4 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
3 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 5 | 2 | 8 | 14 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 13 | 16 |
4 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 5 | 8 | 2 | 14 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 13 | 16 |
5 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 14 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 13 | 16 |
6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 14 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 13 | 16 |
7 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 14 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 13 | 16 |
对调4,5
4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 7 | 4 | 11 | 14 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
2 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 12 | 5 | 8 | 2 | 7 | 11 | 4 | 14 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
3 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 8 | 12 | 2 | 7 | 11 | 14 | 4 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
4 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 8 | 12 | 2 | 7 | 11 | 14 | 4 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
5 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 8 | 12 | 2 | 7 | 11 | 14 | 4 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
6 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 1 | 12 | 2 | 7 | 11 | 14 | 4 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
7 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 2 | 7 | 11 | 14 | 4 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
8 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 7 | 2 | 11 | 14 | 4 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
9 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 7 | 2 | 11 | 14 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 10 | 15 | 16 |
10 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 12 | 2 | 11 | 14 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 10 | 15 | 16 |
11 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 12 | 2 | 11 | 14 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 10 | 15 | 16 |
12 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 12 | 2 | 11 | 14 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 10 | 15 | 16 |
这组用了11次迭代才收敛
对调5,6
4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
1 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 12 | 5 | 8 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 14 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
2 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 5 | 2 | 8 | 4 | 7 | 14 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
3 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 5 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
4 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 13 | 16 |
5 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 13 | 16 |
6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 13 | 16 |
把得到的稳定态放在一起比较
6 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 13 | 16 | |
32 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 8 | 12 | 2 | 7 | 14 | 4 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 16 |
43 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 14 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 13 | 16 |
54 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 12 | 2 | 11 | 14 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 10 | 15 | 16 |
65 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 13 | 16 |
将2,3对调导致1,5和8,12和4,7的位置对换。将3,4对调后结果只是将4和14对换,和原始结果很接近。而将4和5对调导致5,8,3,1,7,12,2,11,14,4,13,10,15的位置都发生了变化。只有6,9,16的位置没有变,这组与原始顺序差异最大。只改变两个初始结构的顺序导致13个结果结构的顺序发生变化。而将5,6对调,结果和原始顺序完全一样。所以65与原始顺序最相似>43>32>54.
所以结构数列的演化对初始顺序的微小变化有时非常敏感,也有时非常稳定,敏感性和稳定性两种特征共存。