Interesting-Linux shell之inpath.sh

一个检测命令是否存在且可执行的shell

ATTENTION：这里的shell全部都是个人从网上收集过来的比较有意思的shell然后添加一定的个人的分析。

如果有什么错误，或者不足的地方，欢迎批评指正。

此外，欢迎自由转载。

#!/bin/sh
# inpath - verify that a specified program is either valid as-is,
#   or can be found in the PATH directory list.

in_path()
{
  # given a command and the PATH, try to find the command. Returns
  # 0 if found and executable, 1 if not. Note that this temporarily modifies 
  # the the IFS (input field seperator), but restores it upon completion.

  cmd=$1        path=$2         retval=1
  oldIFS=$IFS   IFS=":"

  for directory in $path
  do
    if [ -x $directory/$cmd ] ; then
      retval=0      # if we're here, we found $cmd in $directory
    fi
  done
  IFS=$oldIFS
  return $retval
}

checkForCmdInPath()
{
  var=$1
  
  # The variable slicing notation in the following conditional 
  # needs some explanation: ${var#expr} returns everything after
  # the match for 'expr' in the variable value (if any), and
  # ${var%expr} returns everything that doesn't match (in this
  # case just the very first character. You can also do this in
  # Bash with ${var:0:1} and you could use cut too: cut -c1

  if [ "$var" != "" ] ; then
    if [ "${var%${var#?}}" = "/" ] ; then
      if [ ! -x $var ] ; then
        return 1
      fi
    elif ! in_path $var $PATH ; then
      return 2
    fi 
  fi
}

if [ $# -ne 1 ] ; then
 echo "Usage: $0 command" >&2 ; exit 1
fi

checkForCmdInPath "$1"
case $? in
  0 ) echo "$1 found in PATH"			;;
  1 ) echo "$1 not found or not executable"	;;
  2 ) echo "$1 not found in PATH"		;;
esac

exit 0

<span style="color:#3366ff;">Self:</span>${var%${var#?}}

<span style="white-space:pre">	</span><div><span style="white-space:pre">	</span>${var#?}</div><div><span style="white-space:pre">	</span>这个表示的是var这个字串的除了第一个的剩下的部分</div><div><span style="white-space:pre">	</span>${var%xxxxx}</div><div><span style="white-space:pre">	</span>xxxxx代表的是一个字符串、而且这个字符串必须是从var的某个字符串到最后一个字符串的那一部分。这样返回的就是除了xxxxx这个字符串的其余的部分。。。</div><div><span style="white-space:pre">	</span>所以通过</div><div><span style="white-space:pre">	</span>${var%${var#?}}</div><div><span style="white-space:pre">	</span>这样一个操作就可以将var字符串的首字符取出来、</div><div><span style="white-space:pre">	</span>达到相同目的的操作还有</div><div><span style="white-space:pre">	</span>${var:0:1}</div><div><span style="white-space:pre">	</span>cut -c1</div>