需要安装cv2
http://blog.csdn.net/gjq246/article/details/71554157
安装模型图片导出模块
sudo pip install pydot
sudo pip install graphviz
sudo pip install pydot-ng
sudo apt-get install graphviz
安装h5py的命令如下(模型保存模块):
sudo pip install cython
sudo apt-get install libhdf5-dev
sudo pip install h5py
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
#mnist神经网络训练,采用LeNet-5模型
import os
import cv2
import numpy as np
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Conv2D, MaxPooling2D, Flatten
from keras.layers.core import Dense, Dropout, Activation, Flatten
from keras.layers.advanced_activations import PReLU
from keras.optimizers import SGD, Adadelta, Adagrad
from keras.utils import np_utils
from keras.utils.vis_utils import plot_model
import h5py
from keras.models import model_from_json
def loadData(path,number):
data = np.empty((number,1,28,28),dtype="float32") #empty与ones差不多原理,但是数值随机,类型随后面设定
labels = np.empty((number,),dtype="uint8")
listImg = os.listdir(path)
count=0
for img in listImg:
imgData=cv2.imread(path+'/'+img, 0) #数据
l=int(img.split('-')[0]) #答案
arr = np.asarray(imgData,dtype="float32") #将img数据转化为数组形式
data[count,:,:,:] = arr #将每个三维数组赋给data
labels[count] = l #取该图像的数值属性作为标签
count=count+1
print path," loaded ",count
if count>=number:
break
return data, labels
#从图片文件加载数据
trainData, trainLabels = loadData('./mnisttrain',60000)
testData, testLabels = loadData('./mnisttest',10000)
trainLabels = np_utils.to_categorical(trainLabels, 10)
#label为0~9共10个类别,keras要求格式为binary class matrices,转化一下,直接调用keras提供的这个函数
testLabels = np_utils.to_categorical(testLabels, 10)
# tf或th为后端,采取不同参数顺序
#th
#if K.image_data_format() == 'channels_first':
# -x_train.shape[0]=6000
# x_train = x_train.reshape(x_train.shape[0], 1, img_rows, img_cols)
# -x_train.shape:(60000, 1, 28, 28)
# x_test = x_test.reshape(x_test.shape[0], 1, img_rows, img_cols)
# x_test.shape:(10000, 1, 28, 28)
# 单通道灰度图像,channel=1
# input_shape = (1, img_rows, img_cols)
#else: #tf
# x_train = x_train.reshape(x_train.shape[0], img_rows, img_cols, 1)
# x_test = x_test.reshape(x_test.shape[0], img_rows, img_cols, 1)
# input_shape = (img_rows, img_cols, 1)
#tensorflow后端
trainData = trainData.reshape(trainData.shape[0], 28, 28, 1)
testData = testData.reshape(testData.shape[0], 28, 28, 1)
#建立一个Sequential模型
model = Sequential()
#model.add(Conv2D(4, 5, 5, border_mode='valid',input_shape=(28,28,1)))
#第一个卷积层,4个卷积核,每个卷积核5*5,卷积后24*24,第一个卷积核要申明input_shape(通道,大小) ,激活函数采用“tanh”
model.add(Conv2D(filters=4, kernel_size=(5,5), padding='valid', input_shape=(28,28,1), activation='tanh'))
#model.add(Conv2D(8, 3, 3, subsample=(2,2), border_mode='valid'))
#第二个卷积层,8个卷积核,不需要申明上一个卷积留下来的特征map,会自动识别,下采样层为2*2,卷完且采样后是11*11
model.add(MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(2,2)))
model.add(Conv2D(filters=8, kernel_size=(3,3), padding='valid', activation='tanh'))
#model.add(Activation('tanh'))
#model.add(Conv2D(16, 3, 3, subsample=(2,2), border_mode='valid'))
#第三个卷积层,16个卷积核,下采样层为2*2,卷完采样后是4*4
model.add(Conv2D(filters=16, kernel_size=(3,3), padding='valid', activation='tanh'))
model.add(MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(2,2)))
#model.add(Activation('tanh'))
model.add(Flatten())
#把多维的模型压平为一维的,用在卷积层到全连接层的过度
#model.add(Dense(128, input_dim=(16*4*4), init='normal'))
#全连接层,首层的需要指定输入维度16*4*4,128是输出维度,默认放第一位
model.add(Dense(128, activation='tanh'))
#model.add(Activation('tanh'))
#model.add(Dense(10, input_dim= 128, init='normal'))
#第二层全连接层,其实不需要指定输入维度,输出为10维,因为是10类
model.add(Dense(10, activation='softmax'))
#model.add(Activation('softmax'))
#激活函数“softmax”,用于分类
#训练CNN模型
sgd = SGD(lr=0.05, momentum=0.9, decay=1e-6, nesterov=True)
#采用随机梯度下降法,学习率初始值0.05,动量参数为0.9,学习率衰减值为1e-6,确定使用Nesterov动量
model.compile(loss='categorical_crossentropy', optimizer=sgd,metrics=['accuracy'])
#配置模型学习过程,目标函数为categorical_crossentropy:亦称作多类的对数损失,注意使用该目标函数时,需要将标签转化为形如(nb_samples, nb_classes)的二值序列,第18行已转化,优化器为sgd
model.fit(trainData, trainLabels, batch_size=100,epochs=20,shuffle=True,verbose=1,validation_split=0.2)
#训练模型,训练nb_epoch次,bctch_size为梯度下降时每个batch包含的样本数,验证集比例0.2,verbose为显示日志,shuffle是否打乱输入样本的顺序
#输出模型图片
plot_model(model, to_file='model2.png', show_shapes=True, show_layer_names=False)
print model.metrics_names
# 对测试数据进行测试
print model.evaluate(testData, testLabels,
verbose=0,
batch_size=500);
#保存model
json_string = model.to_json()
open('my_model_architecture.json','w').write(json_string)
model.save_weights('my_model_weights.h5')