python：xlrd、xlwt和xlutils操纵excel表格

【转自】：https://blog.csdn.net/u013250071/article/details/81911434

一、需要用到的库

1.操作xls格式的表格文件：

读取：xlrd
写入：xlwt
修改（追加写入）：xlutils

2.操作xlsx格式的表格文件：

读取/写入：openpyxl

二、实现代码

1.操作xls格式的表格文件

# coding=UTF-8
import xlrd
import xlwt
from xlutils.copy import copy
 
 
def write_excel_xls(path, sheet_name, value):
    index = len(value)  # 获取需要写入数据的行数
    workbook = xlwt.Workbook()  # 新建一个工作簿
    sheet = workbook.add_sheet(sheet_name)  # 在工作簿中新建一个表格
    for i in range(0, index):
        for j in range(0, len(value[i])):
            sheet.write(i, j, value[i][j])  # 像表格中写入数据（对应的行和列）
    workbook.save(path)  # 保存工作簿
    print("xls格式表格写入数据成功！")
 
 
def write_excel_xls_append(path, value):
    index = len(value)  # 获取需要写入数据的行数
    workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(path)  # 打开工作簿
    sheets = workbook.sheet_names()  # 获取工作簿中的所有表格
    worksheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(sheets[0])  # 获取工作簿中所有表格中的的第一个表格
    rows_old = worksheet.nrows  # 获取表格中已存在的数据的行数
    new_workbook = copy(workbook)  # 将xlrd对象拷贝转化为xlwt对象
    new_worksheet = new_workbook.get_sheet(0)  # 获取转化后工作簿中的第一个表格
    for i in range(0, index):
        for j in range(0, len(value[i])):
            new_worksheet.write(i+rows_old, j, value[i][j])  # 追加写入数据，注意是从i+rows_old行开始写入
    new_workbook.save(path)  # 保存工作簿
    print("xls格式表格【追加】写入数据成功！")
 
 
def read_excel_xls(path):
    workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(path)  # 打开工作簿
    sheets = workbook.sheet_names()  # 获取工作簿中的所有表格
    worksheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(sheets[0])  # 获取工作簿中所有表格中的的第一个表格
    for i in range(0, worksheet.nrows):
        for j in range(0, worksheet.ncols):
            print(worksheet.cell_value(i, j), "\t", end="")  # 逐行逐列读取数据
        print()
 
 
book_name_xls = 'xls格式测试工作簿.xls'
 
sheet_name_xls = 'xls格式测试表'
 
value_title = [["姓名", "性别", "年龄", "城市", "职业"],]
 
value1 = [["张三", "男", "19", "杭州", "研发工程师"],
          ["李四", "男", "22", "北京", "医生"],
          ["王五", "女", "33", "珠海", "出租车司机"],]
 
value2 = [["Tom", "男", "21", "西安", "测试工程师"],
          ["Jones", "女", "34", "上海", "产品经理"],
          ["Cat", "女", "56", "上海", "教师"],]
 
 
write_excel_xls(book_name_xls, sheet_name_xls, value_title)
write_excel_xls_append(book_name_xls, value1)
write_excel_xls_append(book_name_xls, value2)
read_excel_xls(book_name_xls)

2.操作xlsx格式的表格文件

# coding=UTF-8
import openpyxl
 
 
def write_excel_xlsx(path, sheet_name, value):
    index = len(value)
    workbook = openpyxl.Workbook()
    sheet = workbook.active
    sheet.title = sheet_name
    for i in range(0, index):
        for j in range(0, len(value[i])):
            sheet.cell(row=i+1, column=j+1, value=str(value[i][j]))
    workbook.save(path)
    print("xlsx格式表格写入数据成功！")
 
 
def read_excel_xlsx(path, sheet_name):
    workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(path)
    # sheet = wb.get_sheet_by_name(sheet_name)这种方式已经弃用，不建议使用
    sheet = workbook[sheet_name]
    for row in sheet.rows:
        for cell in row:
            print(cell.value, "\t", end="")
        print()
 
 
book_name_xlsx = 'xlsx格式测试工作簿.xlsx'
 
sheet_name_xlsx = 'xlsx格式测试表'
 
value3 = [["姓名", "性别", "年龄", "城市", "职业"],
          ["111", "女", "66", "石家庄", "运维工程师"],
          ["222", "男", "55", "南京", "饭店老板"],
          ["333", "女", "27", "苏州", "保安"],]
 
 
write_excel_xlsx(book_name_xlsx, sheet_name_xlsx, value3)
read_excel_xlsx(book_name_xlsx, sheet_name_xlsx)

三、运行结果