Android 学习笔记二十一之 MediaPlayer

Android MediaPlayer的生命周期

MediaPlayer的状态转换图也表征了它的生命周期，搞清楚这个图可以帮助我们在使用MediaPlayer时考虑情况更周全，写出的代码也更具健壮性。

 MediaPlayer播放器的方法：

方法：create(Context context, Uri uri) 

解释：静态方法，通过Uri创建一个多媒体播放器。

方法：create(Context context, int resid)

  解释：静态方法，通过资源ID创建一个多媒体播放器

方法：create(Context context, Uri uri, SurfaceHolder holder)

  解释：静态方法，通过Uri和指定 SurfaceHolder 【抽象类】 创建一个多媒体播放器

方法： getCurrentPosition() 

解释：返回 Int， 得到当前播放位置

方法： getDuration()

  解释：返回 Int，得到文件的时间

方法：getVideoHeight()

  解释：返回 Int ，得到视频的高度

方法：getVideoWidth()

解释：返回 Int，得到视频的宽度

方法：isLooping()

  解释：返回 boolean ，是否循环播放

方法：isPlaying()

  解释：返回 boolean，是否正在播放

方法：pause() 

解释：无返回值 ，暂停

方法：prepare()

解释：无返回值，准备同步

方法：prepareAsync()

解释：无返回值，准备异步

方法：release()

解释：无返回值，释放 MediaPlayer 对象

方法：reset()

  解释：无返回值，重置 MediaPlayer 对象

方法：seekTo(int msec)

  解释：无返回值，指定播放的位置（以毫秒为单位的时间）

方法：setAudioStreamType(int streamtype)

解释：无返回值，指定流媒体的类型

方法：setDataSource(String path)

解释：无返回值，设置多媒体数据来源【根据 路径】

方法：setDataSource(FileDescriptor fd, long offset, long length)

解释：无返回值，设置多媒体数据来源【根据 FileDescriptor】

方法：setDataSource(FileDescriptor fd)

  解释：无返回值，设置多媒体数据来源【根据 FileDescriptor】

方法：setDataSource(Context context, Uri uri)

  解释：无返回值，设置多媒体数据来源【根据 Uri】

方法：setDisplay(SurfaceHolder sh) 

解释：无返回值，设置用 SurfaceHolder 来显示多媒体

方法：setLooping(boolean looping) 

解释：无返回值，设置是否循环播放

事件：setOnBufferingUpdateListener(MediaPlayer.OnBufferingUpdateListener listener) 

解释：监听事件，网络流媒体的缓冲监听

事件：setOnCompletionListener(MediaPlayer.OnCompletionListener listener)

  解释：监听事件，网络流媒体播放结束监听 

事件：setOnErrorListener(MediaPlayer.OnErrorListener listener)

  解释：监听事件，设置错误信息监听

事件：setOnVideoSizeChangedListener(MediaPlayer.OnVideoSizeChangedListener listener) 

解释：监听事件，视频尺寸监听

方法：setScreenOnWhilePlaying(boolean screenOn)

  解释：无返回值，设置是否使用 SurfaceHolder 显示

方法：setVolume(float leftVolume, float rightVolume)

解释：无返回值，设置音量

方法：start()

  解释：无返回值，开始播放

方法：stop()

  解释：无返回值，停止播放

一个简单的MediaPlayer播放器实现：

歌曲信息：PlayInfo.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
 
public class PlayerInfo { 
public static final int PLAY = 1;	 //播放
public static final int BACK = 2;	 //回退
public static final int PAUSE = 3;	 //暂停
public static final int NEXT = 4;	 //下一曲
public static final int STOP = 5;	 //停止
public static List<String> songs = new ArrayList<String>();   //歌曲列表
public static List<String> getSongs() {
return songs;
}
}

提供歌曲播放的服务：MusicPlayService.java

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
 
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.media.MediaPlayer.OnCompletionListener;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.IBinder;
 
import com.example.androidday23_musicplayer.service.constance.PlayerInfo;
 
public class MusicPlayService extends Service  {
 
private MediaPlayer player;
private int songId;
ProgressThread pt;
private ServiceBroadcastReceiver sbReceiver;
private boolean isStop = false;
 
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
 
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
int flag = intent.getIntExtra("goodwill", -1);
 
switch (flag) {
case PlayerInfo.PLAY:
songId = intent.getIntExtra("song", -1);
playMusic(songId);
 
break;
case PlayerInfo.STOP:
if (player != null) {
player.stop();
player.release();
isStop = true;
}
break;
case PlayerInfo.NEXT:
nextSongs();
break;
case PlayerInfo.PAUSE:
if (player != null) {
if (player.isPlaying()) {
player.pause();
} else {
new Thread(pt).start();
player.start();
}
 
}
break;
case PlayerInfo.BACK:
if (--songId < 0) {
songId = PlayerInfo.getSongs().size() - 1;
}
playMusic(songId);
break;
 
default:
break;
}
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}
 
private void nextSongs() {
if (++songId >= PlayerInfo.getSongs().size()) {
songId = 0;
}
playMusic(songId);
}
 
private void playMusic(int songId) {
player.reset();
String path = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(
Environment.DIRECTORY_MUSIC).getAbsolutePath()
+ File.separator + PlayerInfo.getSongs().get(songId);
try {
 
player.setDataSource(path);
player.prepare();
player.start();
new Thread(pt).start();// 先获取当前时间
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction("DURATION");
intent.putExtra("duration", player.getDuration());
sendBroadcast(intent);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SecurityException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
 
class ProgressThread extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
while (!isStop&&player.isPlaying()) {
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction("CURRENT");
intent.putExtra("current", player.getCurrentPosition());
// 每次都把当前的进度传给用户，
sendBroadcast(intent);
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
 
@Override
public void onCreate() {
player = new MediaPlayer();
player.setOnCompletionListener(new OnCompletionListener() {
@Override
public void onCompletion(MediaPlayer mp) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
nextSongs();
}
});
pt = new ProgressThread();
sbReceiver = new ServiceBroadcastReceiver();
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction("seekBarChanged");
registerReceiver(sbReceiver, filter);
super.onCreate();
}
 
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
unregisterReceiver(sbReceiver);
}
class ServiceBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
 
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
int get = intent.getIntExtra("seekbar", -1); // 获取用户拖动的进度值，让歌曲跳到此进度值
player.seekTo(get);
}
}
}

主界面：MusicPlayActivity.java

import java.io.File;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.Window;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageButton;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.SeekBar;
import android.widget.SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.example.androidday23_musicplayer.service.MusicPlayService;
import com.example.androidday23_musicplayer.service.constance.PlayerInfo;
 
public class MusicPlayerActivity extends Activity {
private ListView lv;
private TextView currentTime;
private TextView totalTime;
private SeekBar seekBar;
private ImageButton btn_pause;
private boolean isplaying = false;
private CurrentBroadcastReceiver cReceiver = null;
private DurationBroadcastReceiver dReceiver = null;
private Intent service;
// 读取SD卡中的公共音乐目录
private File mp3Path = Environment
.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_MUSIC);
 
// private File mp3Path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
@Override
protected void onStart() {
super.onStart();
service = new Intent(this, MusicPlayService.class);
}
 
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);// 无标题
this.getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);// 全屏
setContentView(R.layout.activity_music_player);
findView();
if (PlayerInfo.getSongs().isEmpty()) {
getMp3List(mp3Path);
}
ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, PlayerInfo.getSongs());
lv.setAdapter(adapter);
lv.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
 
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
int position, long id) {
service.putExtra("song", position);
service.putExtra("goodwill", PlayerInfo.PLAY);
startService(service);
btn_pause.setImageResource(R.drawable.pause);
isplaying = false;
}
});
 
seekBar.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(new OnSeekBarChangeListener() {
@Override
public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
 
}
 
@Override
public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
 
}
 
@Override
public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress,
boolean fromUser) {
if (fromUser) {
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction("seekBarChanged");
intent.putExtra("seekbar", seekBar.getProgress());
System.out.println(seekBar.getProgress() + "");
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
}
});
 
}
 
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
dReceiver = new DurationBroadcastReceiver();
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction("DURATION");
// 注册广播
registerReceiver(dReceiver, filter);
 
cReceiver = new CurrentBroadcastReceiver();
IntentFilter cFilter = new IntentFilter();
cFilter.addAction("CURRENT");
// 注册广播
registerReceiver(cReceiver, cFilter);
}
 
@Override
protected void onStop() {
super.onStop();
// 注销广播
unregisterReceiver(dReceiver);
unregisterReceiver(cReceiver);
}
 
// 按键操作处理
public void onBtnClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.back: // 上一曲
service.putExtra("goodwill", PlayerInfo.BACK);
startService(service);
break;
case R.id.begin:// 暂停、播放
service.putExtra("goodwill", PlayerInfo.PAUSE);
startService(service);
if (isplaying) {
btn_pause.setImageResource(R.drawable.pause);
isplaying = false;
} else {
btn_pause.setImageResource(R.drawable.begin);
isplaying = true;
}
break;
case R.id.stop:// 停止
service.putExtra("goodwill", PlayerInfo.STOP);
startService(service);
btn_pause.setImageResource(R.drawable.begin);
stopService(service);
break;
case R.id.next:// 下一曲
service.putExtra("goodwill", PlayerInfo.NEXT);
startService(service);
break;
default:
break;
}
 
}
 
// 初始化控件
private void findView() {
lv = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv);
currentTime = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.currentTime);
totalTime = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.totalTime);
seekBar = (SeekBar) findViewById(R.id.seekBar);
btn_pause = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.begin);
}
 
// 获取SDCard中的mp3文件
private void getMp3List(File file) {
// 获取SDCard中的文件列表
File[] files = mp3Path.listFiles();
if (files != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {
if (files[i].getName().indexOf('.') > 0) {
// 取出SDCard中的后缀名
String endIndex = files[i].getName().substring(
files[i].getName().lastIndexOf('.'));
// 筛选MP3文件
if (endIndex.toLowerCase().equals(".mp3")) {
PlayerInfo.getSongs().add(files[i].getName());
}
}
}
}
}
 
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
// 每次退出Activity时清空歌曲列表 ,退出后台时，Service播放下一曲时会出错
//if (!PlayerInfo.getSongs().isEmpty()) {
//PlayerInfo.getSongs().clear();
//}
}
 
// 接收Service发过来的总时间
class DurationBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
 
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
int data = intent.getIntExtra("duration", -1);
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("mm:ss");
totalTime.setText(sdf.format(data));
seekBar.setMax(data);
}
 
}
 
// 接收Service发过来的当前歌曲进度
class CurrentBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
 
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
int data = intent.getIntExtra("current", -1);
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("mm:ss");
currentTime.setText(sdf.format(data));
seekBar.setProgress(data);
}
}
 
}
 

效果图：