设计模式--备忘录模式

备忘录模式

定义：保存一个对象的某个状态，以便在适当的时候恢复对象

“后悔药”

类型：行为型

适用场景：（1）保存及恢复数据相关业务场景，（2）后悔的时候，即想恢复到之前的状态

优点：（1）为用户提供一种可恢复机制，（2）存档信息的封装

缺点：（1）资源占用

	不同点
备忘录模式	是用实例来保存状态的，就是存档是对象的一个实例
状态模式	用类表示一个状态

 

代码

// 每个 class 都是一个 .java 文件

public class Article {

    private String title;
    private String content;
    private String imgs;

    public Article(String title, String content, String imgs) {
        this.title = title;
        this.content = content;
        this.imgs = imgs;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }

    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }

    public void setContent(String content) {
        this.content = content;
    }

    public String getImgs() {
        return imgs;
    }

    public void setImgs(String imgs) {
        this.imgs = imgs;
    }

    public ArticleMemento saveToMemento() {
        ArticleMemento articleMemento = new ArticleMemento(this.title,this.content,this.imgs);
        return articleMemento;
    }

    public void undoFromMemento(ArticleMemento articleMemento) {

        this.title = articleMemento.getTitle();
        this.content = articleMemento.getContent();
        this.imgs = articleMemento.getImgs();
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Article{" +
                "title='" + title + '\'' +
                ", content='" + content + '\'' +
                ", imgs='" + imgs + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

public class ArticleMemento {
    private String title;
    private String content;
    private String imgs;

    public ArticleMemento(String title, String content, String imgs) {
        this.title = title;
        this.content = content;
        this.imgs = imgs;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }

    public String getImgs() {
        return imgs;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "ArticleMemento{" +
                "title='" + title + '\'' +
                ", content='" + content + '\'' +
                ", imgs='" + imgs + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

public class ArticleMementoManager {

    private final Stack<ArticleMemento> ARTICLE_MEMENTO_STACK = new Stack<ArticleMemento>();

    public ArticleMemento getMemento()
    {
        ArticleMemento articleMemento= ARTICLE_MEMENTO_STACK.pop();
        return articleMemento;
    }

    public void addMemento(ArticleMemento articleMemento)
    {
        ARTICLE_MEMENTO_STACK.push(articleMemento);
    }
}

// 测试类
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ArticleMementoManager articleMementoManager = new ArticleMementoManager();

        Article article= new Article("如影随行的设计模式A","手记内容A","手记图片A");

        ArticleMemento articleMemento = article.saveToMemento();

        articleMementoManager.addMemento(articleMemento);
        System.out.println("标题:"+article.getTitle()+" 内容:"+article.getContent()+" 图片:"+article.getImgs()+" 暂存成功");

        System.out.println("手记完整信息:"+article);


        System.out.println("修改手记start");

        article.setTitle("如影随行的设计模式B");
        article.setContent("手记内容B");
        article.setImgs("手记图片B");

        System.out.println("修改手记end");

        System.out.println("手记完整信息:"+article);

        articleMemento = article.saveToMemento();
        articleMementoManager.addMemento(articleMemento);

        article.setTitle("如影随行的设计模式C");
        article.setContent("手记内容C");
        article.setImgs("手记图片C");

        System.out.println("暂存回退start");

        System.out.println("回退出栈1次");
        articleMemento = articleMementoManager.getMemento();
        article.undoFromMemento(articleMemento);

        System.out.println("回退出栈2次");
        articleMemento = articleMementoManager.getMemento();
        article.undoFromMemento(articleMemento);

        System.out.println("暂存回退end");
        System.out.println("手记完整信息:"+article);
    }
}

 

UML类图

 

源码示例

在 JDK 中，暂时没有找到，

在 org.springframework.webflow 中的 StateManageableMessageContext 接口