先描述一下环境:Java1.8 tomcat8 使用Eclipse Mars
J2EE开发中,Servlet是很重要的一个class。
Servlet用于接收和响应前端用户的请求。
下面开始这个简单的demo
嗯。先粘贴一下index,jsp的代码。
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Guess a title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>HelloServletDemo</h1>
<form action="servlet/HelloServlet" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
密码: <input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>
</body>
</html>
action中通过相对路径找到将要创建的Servlet。接下来创建servlet类。
会引用javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet,从而重写这些方法。主要继承了doGet和doPost方法。
package servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet{
public String username;
public String password;
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("处理get请求...并显示传来的用户名"+username+"密码"+password+"\n");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
out.println("<strong>username "+username+"</strong><br>");
out.println("<strong>password "+password+"</strong><br>");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("处理post请求...");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
username=request.getParameter("username");
password=request.getParameter("password");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
request.setAttribute("username", username);
// out.println("<a href='HelloServlet'>show</a>");
}
}
写好了Servlet类了,接下来就要在web.xml中注册你写好的servlet了
在<servlet>标签中注册他的name和class的路径。在mapping中同样写对应的路径。一般写相对路径,我直接写的绝对路径。
(如果你的maven项目不巧没有web.xml这个文件,可以有这样一个可选的方式创建:右键项目名,选择Java EE tools,选择Generate Deployment Descriptor Stub 即可)
直接新建一个xml文件,粘贴代码也是ok的。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>ServletDemo</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/HelloServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
运行,选择run as server。没有的话手动添加即可。