Java设计模式(16)--命令

Intent
Encapsulate a request as an object, thereby letting you parameterize clients with different requests, queue or log requests, and support undoable operations.
Command pattern decouples the object that invokes the operation from the one having the knowledge to perform it.
specify, queue, and execute requests at different times

将命令的调用和命令执行分开，时间上和空间上分开

How to
Command
declares an interface for executing an operation

 

ConcreteCommand
implements Execute by invoking the corresponding operation(s) on Receiver

 

Client
creates a ConcreteCommand object and sets its receiver

 

Invoker
asks the command to carry out the request

 

Receiver
knows how to perform the operations associated with carrying out a request

 

Konwn cases
Menu Command
Undo,Redo Command
RequestDispatcher

 

UML

 

样例代码

package org.haha.DesignPatterns.command; public class Client { public static void main(String[] args) { UserList userList = new UserList(); CommandInvoker invoker = CommandInvoker.getInstance(); Command command = null; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { command = new AddCommand(userList, new User("user-" + i)); invoker.callCommand(command); } command = new ListCommand(userList); invoker.callCommand(command); command = new DeleteCommand(userList, "user-5"); invoker.callCommand(command); command = new ListCommand(userList); invoker.callCommand(command); } } package org.haha.DesignPatterns.command; public interface Command { void execute(); } package org.haha.DesignPatterns.command; public class AddCommand implements Command { private UserList userList; private User user; public AddCommand(UserList userList, User user) { this.userList = userList; this.user = user; } public void execute() { userList.add(user); } } package org.haha.DesignPatterns.command; public class DeleteCommand implements Command { private UserList userList; private String name; public DeleteCommand(UserList userList, String name) { this.userList = userList; this.name = name; } public void execute() { userList.remove(name); } } package org.haha.DesignPatterns.command; import java.util.Iterator; public class ListCommand implements Command { private UserList userList; public ListCommand(UserList userList) { this.userList = userList; } public void execute() { System.out.println("==== Print UserList Start ===="); Iterator<User> iterator = userList.iterator(); while(iterator.hasNext()) { User user = iterator.next(); System.out.println(user.getName()); } System.out.println("==== Print UserList End ===="); } } package org.haha.DesignPatterns.command; public class CommandInvoker { private static final CommandInvoker singleton = new CommandInvoker(); public static CommandInvoker getInstance() { return singleton; } private CommandInvoker() {} public void callCommand(Command command) { command.execute(); } } package org.haha.DesignPatterns.command; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; public class UserList { private List<User> data = new ArrayList<User>(); public UserList() {} public boolean add(User user) { if (data.contains(user)) { return false; } return data.add(user); } public boolean remove(String name) { int len = data.size(); List<User> toDel = new ArrayList<User>(); for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { User user = data.get(i); if (user.getName().equals(name)) { toDel.add(user); } } for (User user : toDel) { data.remove(user); } if (len != data.size()) { return true; } else { return false; } } public Iterator<User> iterator() { return data.iterator(); } } package org.haha.DesignPatterns.command; import java.io.Serializable; public class User implements Serializable { private String name; public User(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } @Override public int hashCode() { final int PRIME = 31; int result = 1; result = PRIME * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode()); return result; } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { if (this == obj) return true; if (obj == null) return false; if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) return false; final User other = (User) obj; if (name == null) { if (other.name != null) return false; } else if (!name.equals(other.name)) return false; return true; } public String toString() { return name; } }