Spring从IOC（Inversion of Control：控制反转）开始

Spring从IOC（Inversion of Control：控制反转）开始

引用

有的时候变的茫然了，不知道前方的路该怎么走；有的时候变的颓废了，不知道从前的你过的还是否开心；有的时候理解和包容同在，我愿意做一个更出色的男人。辗转反侧通往成功的大门还需要多少力气敲开，于是静下心来回顾与内省。

Spring是不是个好东西我不知道，但当大家都在推崇的时候，那么即使再默然，也应该警醒，即便大家不一定对，但天若塌下来，那大家也会一起陪着，你并不孤单

ioc有两种实现方式

第一种xml的方式实现

首先建个基类：

public abstract class People {

    protected int id;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
}

再然后创建teacher类

public class Teacher extends People {

    private String name;
    private String tNo;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String gettNo() {
        return tNo;
    }

    public void settNo(String tNo) {
        this.tNo = tNo;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "id = "+id
                +" name = "+ name
                +" tNo = " + tNo;
    }
}

在src下面创建beans.xml 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

<!--相当于 Teacher teacher = new Teacher() scope 为 prototype多例，默认为单例-->
    <bean id="teacher" class="com.model.xml.Teacher" scope="prototype">
        <property name="id" value="10"/>
        <property name="name" value="teacher"/>
        <property name="tNo" value="t10"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

编写测试代码Test.java

public class Test {

    private BeanFactory factory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
   @org.junit.Test
    public void testTeacherXml(){
       Teacher teacher = factory.getBean("teacher",Teacher.class);
       System.out.println(teacher.toString());
    }
}

输出信息：

id = 10 name = teacher tNo = t10

再来创建一个

创建User类

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String userName;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "id = " + id
                +" userName = " + userName;
    }
}

创建UserAction

public class UserAction {

    private int id;
    private User user;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "userAction.id = " + id
                + " " + user.toString();
    }
}

因为UserAction持有了User对象那么看下beans.xml是怎么配置的

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

    <bean id="user" class="com.model.xml.User">
        <property name="id" value="2"/>
        <property name="userName" value="haha"/>
    </bean>

    <!--注入对象使用ref 注入值使用value-->
    <bean id="userAction" class="com.model.xml.UserAction" scope="prototype">
        <property name="id" value="12"/>
        <property name="user" ref="user"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

编写测试代码：

public class Test {

    private BeanFactory factory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testUserActionXml(){
        UserAction userAction = factory.getBean("userAction",UserAction.class);
        System.out.println(userAction.toString());
    }
}

输出信息：

userAction.id = 12 id = 2 userName = haha

---

第二种采用注解的方式实现

注解的标注有以下几种

@Component、@Repository、@Service、@Controller、@Autowired、@Resource

其中代表的含义如下

@Component泛指组件，可以在一些POJO上使用这个注解进行标注

@Repository用于标注数据访问组件，即DAO组件

@Service用于标注业务层组件

@Controller用于标注控制层组件，如Struts中的Action

@Autowired Spring提供装配

@Resource j2EE提供

接下来先创建Student类使用Component注解

@Component
public class Student extends People {

    private String name;
    private String sNo;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getsNo() {
        return sNo;
    }

    public void setsNo(String sNo) {
        this.sNo = sNo;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "id = "+id
                +" name = "+ name
                +" sNo = " + sNo;
    }
}

在beans.xml中配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
    <!--打开Spring的Annoation支持-->
    <context:annotation-config/>
    <!--扫描model包下面以及子包下面的所有类-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.model.**"/>
</beans>

编写Test.java测试代码：

public class Test {

    private BeanFactory factory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");

    @org.junit.Test
    public void testAnno(){

        Student student = factory.getBean("student",Student.class);
        student.setId(20);
        student.setName("teacher");
        student.setsNo("s20");
        System.out.println(student.toString());
    }
}

输出信息：

id = 20 name = teacher sNo = s20

DEMO链接