Golang结构体知识

在看Docker源码时，碰到了这个语句：

container.Lock()
看到上面直接对struct Container进行上锁时，我翻了一下这个结构体，发现没有定义任何锁啊，怎么上锁的咧。于是我就翻了一下这个结构
体的一些子属性，发现了State的定义

// container/container.go
type Container struct {
StreamConfig *stream.Config
// embed for Container to support states directly.
*State json:"State" // Needed for Engine API version <= 1.11
Root string json:"-" // Path to the “home” of the container, including metadata.
BaseFS containerfs.ContainerFS json:"-" // interface containing graphdriver mount
RWLayer layer.RWLayer json:"-"
….
}
// container/state.go
type State struct {
sync.Mutex
// Note that Running and Paused are not mutually exclusive:
// When pausing a container (on Linux), the cgroups freezer is used to suspend
// all processes in the container. Freezing the process requires the process to
// be running. As a result, paused containers are both Running and Paused.
Running bool
Paused bool
Restarting bool
OOMKilled bool
RemovalInProgress bool // Not need for this to be persistent on disk.
Dead bool
Pid int
ExitCodeValue int json:"ExitCode"
ErrorMsg string json:"Error" // contains last known error during container start, stop, or remove
StartedAt time.Time
FinishedAt time.Time
Health *Health
waitStop chan struct{}
waitRemove chan struct{}
}
当时看到这我就纳闷了(go没学过，没写过，完全新手)，咋就直接访问到State里面的内容了。
看到没，Container结构体里面定义了*State之后，就可以直接访问State里面的成员，这有点类似继承啥玩意的。接下来我们就做个测试，可以瞅瞅。

package main
import (
“fmt”
“sync”
)
type State struct {
sync.Mutex
Running bool
Paused bool
}
type Container struct {
*State
ID string
}
func NewState() *State {
return &State{
Running: false,
Paused: false,
}
}
func (c *Container) getInfo() error {
c.Lock()
defer c.Unlock() // defer 可以另写一篇文章说一下
fmt.Println(“container is locked”)
return nil
}
func main() {
c := Container{State: NewState()}
c.getInfo()
c.Lock()
fmt.Println(“second lock”)
c.Unlock()
}
运行上面的程序，就可以看到Container可以直接访问到State里面的锁。