keras中to_categorical函数解析

1.to_categorical的功能
简单来说，to_categorical就是将类别向量转换为二进制（只有0和1）的矩阵类型表示。其表现为将原有的类别向量转换为独热编码的形式。先上代码看一下效果：
from keras.utils.np_utils import *
#类别向量定义
b = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
#调用to_categorical将b按照9个类别来进行转换
b = to_categorical(b, 9)
print(b)
 
执行结果如下：
[[1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
 [0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1.]]