Linux平台上搭建apache+tomcat负载均衡集群

工具/原料

• Linux系统：选用Redhat的开源版本CentOS操作系统（这里用CentOS 6.5版本）

• JDK：选用版本为jdk1.7.0_45，安装包jdk-7u79-linux-x64..tar.gz

• Apache：选用版本2.4.16，安装包httpd-2.4.16.tar.gz

• Tomcat：选用版本7.0.63，安装包apache-tomcat-7.0.63.tar.gz

• JK：选用版本1.2.41，安装包：tomcat-connectors-1.2.41-src.tar.gz

  
  

  一、安装apache 
  

  编译 apache 
  

• [root@localhost ~]#cd /soft
• [root@localhost soft]#tar jxvf httpd-2.2.6.tar.bz2    //解压apache的压缩包
• [root@localhost soft]#cd httpd-2.2.6     //定位到httpd-2.2.6 文件夹下
• [root@localhost httpd-2.2.6]#ls     //查看显示httpd-2.2.6 文件夹下内容
• [root@localhost httpd-2.2.6]#./configure --help | more    //查看安装apache配置参数
• [root@localhost httpd-2.2.6]#./configure  --prefix=/usr/local/apache2  --enable-so    //  配置apache路径

                        ./configure  --prefix=/usr/local/apache  --enable-so --with-apr=/usr/local/apr  --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre

• [root@localhost httpd-2.2.6]#make     //编译apache
• [root@localhost httpd-2.2.6]#make install    //安装apache

• [root@localhost conf]#cp -a httpd.conf httpd.conf-     //备份apache配置文件
  [root@localhost conf]#chkconfig  --list httpd     //查看httpd服务是否已存在
  [root@localhost conf]#chkconfig httpd off    //关闭系统自带了httpd的服务，如果存在httpd服务   
  [root@localhost conf]#service httpd status    //查看自带httpd服务状态
  [root@localhost conf]#/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k start    //linux启动apache命令              
  [root@localhost conf]#netstat -an | grep :80    //查看linux80端口是否开启
  [root@localhost conf]#ps -aux | grep httpd     //linux下查看apache进程
  [root@localhost conf]#cd ../..
  [root@localhost local]#cp /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/rc.d/init.d/apache //拷贝apache启动脚本
  

  一、安装jdk
  

  cd /usr/java 
  ①jdk-1_5_0_14-linux-i586-rpm文件安装 
  # chmod 775 jdk-1_5_0_14-linux-i586-rpm ← 修改为可执行 
  # rpm -ivh jdk-1_5_0_14-linux-i586.rpm ← 选择yes直到安装完毕 
  配置环境变量 
  <1># vi /etc/profile 
  <2>在最后加入以下几行： 
  export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79 
  export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar 
  export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin 
  <3># reboot ← 重启机器配置生效

  二、安装tomcat：
  

  # tar zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.26.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
  # cd /usr/src/
  # cp -rf apache-tomcat-7.0.26 /usr/local/tomcat
  # cp -rf apache-tomcat-7.0.26 /usr/local/tomcat1
  
  
  将第一个 TOMCAT安装在/usr/local/tomcat
  # cd /usr/local/tomcat

  # vi /etc/profile
  在 CLASSPATH后面添加$TOMCAT_HOME/common/lib/servlet.jar
  在 PATH后面添加：$CATALINA_HOME/lib
  export TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
  export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
  export CATALINA_BASE=/usr/local/tomcat
  export PATH=$PATH:$CATALINA_HOME/lib
  export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$CATALINA_HOME/common/lib/servlet.jar
  
   
  将第二个 TOMCAT安装在/usr/local/tomcat1
  设置环境变量
  #vi /etc/profile
  在 CLASSPATH后面添加$TOMCAT_2_HOME/common/lib/servlet.jar
  在 PATH后面添加：$CATALINA_2_HOME/lib
  export TOMCAT_1_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat1
  export CATALINA_1_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat1
  export CATALINA_1_BASE=/usr/local/tomcat1
  export PATH=$PATH:$CATALINA_1_HOME/lib
  export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$CATALINA_1_HOME/common/lib/servlet.jar
  
  保存退出
  :wq
  使环境变量生效
  #source /etc/profile
  
  
  修改 TOMCAT配置文件vi /usr/local/tomcat1/conf/server.xml（如果两个tomcat不在同一台机器可以不用修改端口）
  将以下内容
      <Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">...
      <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" ...
      <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
      <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"
      .../>
  修改为
      <Server port="9005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">...
      <Connector port="9080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" ...
      <Connector port="9009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
      <Host name="localhost" appBase="/usr/local/www/web"（这里可以不改，测试时候直接跳到tomcat主页）
      .../>
     
  修改 TOMCAT配置启动文件/usr/local/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh
  在 exec上添加以下内容
  export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79
  export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib
  export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH   
   %注意，网上好多写成 export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin的，在启动时会报错误%
  export CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_2_HOME
  export CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_2_BASE
   
  修改 TOMCAT配置启动文件/usr/local/tomcat2/bin/shutdown.sh
  在 exec上添加以下内容
  export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79
  export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib
  export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
  export CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_1_HOME
  export CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_1_BASE
  
  

  三、安装nginx:
  

  （1）、安装pcre:
  

  # tar zxvf pcre-8.37.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

  # ./configure

  # make && make install
  

  （2）、安装nginx:

  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre-8.37

  # make && make install

  # /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
  nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
  nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
   
  （4）、编辑nginx.conf：

   

  # vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
  
  
  # /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

  nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

  nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

  
  
  # /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
  # netstat -anpt | grep 80          
  tcp         0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      30169/nginx
  
  
  /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
  #./nginx
  # netstat -anpt | grep 80          
  tcp         0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      30169/nginx  
   
  # /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
  #./nginx –s reload
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