C++学习---类继承之抽象基类

/****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

设计一个基类，让baseDMA、lackDMA、hasDMA都从一个ABC类派生而来，然后使用与程序来测试。也就是说，它应使用ABC指针指数数组，并让用户决定要创建的对象类型。在类定义中添加virtual View()方法以处理数据显示

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/**********************************************************************************
DMA.h文件
包括一些主要的类声明、以及方法。提供类的接口

**********************************************************************************/

#include<iostream>

#ifndef DMA_H_
#define DMA_H_


 //  class dmaABC   

class dmaABC
{	
private :
	char *label ;
	int rating ;

public :
	dmaABC(const char *l = "null" , int r = 0 ) ;
	dmaABC(const dmaABC & rc) ;   //copy function 
	virtual ~dmaABC() {  delete [] label ;}
	virtual void View() const = 0 ;

} ;

//class baseDMA

class baseDMA : public dmaABC
{
public :
	baseDMA(const char *l = "null" , int r = 0 ) ;
	~baseDMA() {}
	virtual void View() const ;
	baseDMA(const baseDMA &rc) ;
};




//class lackDMA   

class lackDMA : public dmaABC
{
private :
	char color[40] ;

public:
	lackDMA(const char *l = "null",const char *c = "nocol" ,int r = 0 ) ;
	~lackDMA() { }  
	lackDMA(const lackDMA &rc) ;
	virtual void View() const ;
};


//class hasDMA 

class hasDMA : public dmaABC
{
private :
	char *style ;
	
public :
	hasDMA(const char *l = "null" ,const char *h = "nosty" ,int r = 0 ) ;
	~hasDMA() {delete [] style ;} 
	hasDMA(const hasDMA &rc) ;
	virtual void View() const ;
};




#endif

/*************************************************************************
dma.cpp文件

提供类方法的实现


**************************************************************************/




#include<iostream>
#include"DMA.h"
#include<cstring>



//dmaABC method


dmaABC::dmaABC(const char *l ,int r )
{
	int n = 0 ;
	n = strlen(l) ;
	label = new char [n+1] ;
	strncpy(label,l,n+1) ;
	label[n] = '\0' ;
	rating  = r ;
}

dmaABC::dmaABC(const dmaABC &rc) 
{
	int n  = 0 ; 
	n = strlen(rc.label) ;
	label = new char[n+1] ;
	strncpy(label,rc.label,n+1) ;
	label[n] = '\0' ;
	rating  = rc.rating ;
}

void dmaABC::View() const 
{
	using std::cout ;
	using std::endl ;

	cout << "Label : " << label << endl ;
	cout << "Rating " << rating << endl ;
}

	
//class baseDMA method 

baseDMA::baseDMA(const char *l ,int r) : dmaABC(l,r)
{

}

baseDMA::baseDMA(const baseDMA &rc) : dmaABC(rc) 
{

}

void baseDMA:: View() const 
{	
	dmaABC::View() ;
}


//class lackDMA method


lackDMA::lackDMA(const char *l,const char *c ,int r):dmaABC(l,r)
{
	strncpy(color,c,40) ;	
}

lackDMA::lackDMA(const lackDMA &rc) : dmaABC(rc) 
{
	strncpy(color,rc.color,40) ;
}

void lackDMA::View()const 
{
	using std::cout ;
	using std::endl ;
	dmaABC::View() ;
	cout << "Color : " << color << endl ;
}


//class hasDMA method



hasDMA::hasDMA(const char *l,const char *h,int r) : dmaABC(l,r)
{
	int n = 0 ;
	n = strlen(h) ;
	style = new char[n+1] ;
	strncpy(style,h,n+1) ;
	style[n] = '\0' ;
}

hasDMA::hasDMA(const hasDMA &rc) : dmaABC(rc)
{
	int n = 0 ;
	n = strlen(rc.style) ;
	style = new char [n+1] ;
	strncpy(style,rc.style,n+1) ;
}


void hasDMA::View()const
{
	using std::cout ;
	using std::endl ;
	dmaABC::View() ;
	cout << "Style : " << style << endl ;
}

 

/******************************************************************
useDMA.cpp 

提供测试的代码

*******************************************************************/


#include<iostream>
#include"DMA.h"

const int ITEM = 4 ;
const int LEN = 40  ;

int main(void)
{
	using std::cin ;
	using std::cout ;
	using std::endl ;

	dmaABC *Pdma[ITEM] ;
	int i = 0 ;
	char TempLabel[LEN] ;
	int TempRating = 0 ;
	char TempColor[LEN] ;
	char TempStyle[LEN] ;
	int kind = 0 ;

	for(i = 0 ; i < ITEM ; i++)
	{
		cout << "Enter item's label : " ;
		cin.getline(TempLabel,LEN) ;

		cout << "Enter item's rating : " ;
		cin >> TempRating  ;
		
		cout << "Enter 1 for baseDMA,2 for lackDMA,3 for hasDMA : " ;
		
		while(cin >> kind && (kind != 1 && kind !=2 && kind != 3))
		{
			cout << "Enter either 1 , 2 or 3 : " ;
			while(cin.get() != '\n')
				continue ;
		}
		
		cin.get() ;      //这里用来吸收回车符的，还有VC++ 6.0下的getline是有BUG的
			
		if(1 == kind)
		{
			Pdma[i] = new baseDMA(TempLabel,TempRating) ;
		}
		else if(2 == kind)
		{
			cout << "Enter item's color : " ;
			cin.getline(TempColor,LEN) ;

			Pdma[i] = new lackDMA(TempLabel,TempColor,TempRating) ;
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "Enter item's styel : " ;
			cin.getline(TempStyle,LEN) ;

			Pdma[i] = new hasDMA(TempLabel,TempStyle,TempRating) ;
		}
		while(cin.get() != '\n')
			continue ;
	}

	cout << endl << endl ;

	for(i = 0 ; i < ITEM ; i++)
	{
		Pdma[i]->View() ;
		cout << endl ;
	}

	for(i = 0 ; i < ITEM ; i++)
	{
		delete Pdma[i] ;
	}

	cout << "\nDone.\n" ;

	return 0 ;
}