安卓实现蓝牙通讯

 功能说明

在应用中简单进行蓝牙通信，实现蓝牙聊天的功能。

代码如下

清单文件注册权限

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.mybluetooth">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.MyBluetooth">
        <activity
            android:name=".BluetoothChat"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>


    <!--下面2个是普通权限，只需要在清单文件里注册，不需要在程序里动态申请-->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />

</manifest>

 

 界面UI设计

<androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar
    android:id="@+id/toolbar"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="horizontal">
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/title_left_text"
            style="?android:attr/windowTitleStyle"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:gravity="left"
            android:ellipsize="end"
            android:singleLine="true" />
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/title_right_text"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:ellipsize="end"
            android:gravity="right"
            android:singleLine="true"
            android:textColor="#fff" />
    </LinearLayout>
</androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar>

<ListView android:id="@+id/in"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:stackFromBottom="true"
    android:transcriptMode="alwaysScroll"
    android:layout_weight="1" >
</ListView>

<LinearLayout
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
    <EditText android:id="@+id/edit_text_out"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_gravity="bottom" />
    <Button android:id="@+id/button_send"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/send"/>
</LinearLayout>

 

 BluetoothChat主AppMainacitivity
 

@Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        getSupportActionBar().hide();  //隐藏标题栏
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, 1);
            }
        }
        Toolbar toolbar = findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
        //创建选项菜单
        toolbar.inflateMenu(R.menu.option_menu);
        //选项菜单监听
        toolbar.setOnMenuItemClickListener(new MyMenuItemClickListener());
        mTitle = findViewById(R.id.title_left_text);
        mTitle.setText(R.string.app_name);
        mTitle = findViewById(R.id.title_right_text);
        // 得到本地蓝牙适配器
        mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
        if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
            Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙不可用", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            finish();
            return;
        }
        if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) { //若当前设备蓝牙功能未开启
            Intent enableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
            startActivityForResult(enableIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT); //
        } else {
            if (mChatService == null) {
                setupChat();  //创建会话
            }
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if(grantResults.length>0){
            if(grantResults[0]!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                Toast.makeText(this, "未授权，蓝牙搜索功能将不可用！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    }

   

ChatService蓝牙会话的服务程序
 

//本应用的主Activity组件名称
private static final String NAME = "BluetoothChat";
// UUID：通用唯一识别码,是一个128位长的数字，一般用十六进制表示
//算法的核心思想是结合机器的网卡、当地时间、一个随机数来生成
//在创建蓝牙连接
private static final UUID MY_UUID = UUID.fromString("fa87c0d0-afac-11de-8a39-0800200c9a66");
private final BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
private final Handler mHandler;
private AcceptThread mAcceptThread;
private ConnectThread mConnectThread;
private ConnectedThread mConnectedThread;
private int mState;
public static final int STATE_NONE = 0;
public static final int STATE_LISTEN = 1;
public static final int STATE_CONNECTING = 2;
public static final int STATE_CONNECTED = 3;

//构造方法，接收UI主线程传递的对象
public ChatService(Context context, Handler handler) {
    //构造方法完成蓝牙对象的创建
    mAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
    mState = STATE_NONE;
    mHandler = handler;
}

private synchronized void setState(int state) {
    mState = state;
    mHandler.obtainMessage(BluetoothChat.MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGE, state, -1).sendToTarget();
}

public synchronized int getState() {
    return mState;
}

public synchronized void start() {
    if (mConnectThread != null) {
        mConnectThread.cancel();
        mConnectThread = null;
    }
    if (mConnectedThread != null) {
        mConnectedThread.cancel();
        mConnectedThread = null;
    }
    if (mAcceptThread == null) {
        mAcceptThread = new AcceptThread();
        mAcceptThread.start();
    }
    setState(STATE_LISTEN);
}

代码仓库墨黑色的白/BluetoothDame