添加第三方源
yum -y install epel-release
rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
安装 MariaDB
yum -y install mariadb-server
启动 MariaDB 服务:
systemctl start mariadb
systemctl enable mariadb
配置 MariaDB:
mysql_secure_installation
Set root password? [Y/n] Y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
创建用户:
# 创建 nextcloud 数据库
mysql> create database nextcloud_db;
# 创建 nextcloud 用户并授权
mysql> grant all on nextcloud.* to 'nextcloud'@'localhost' identified by '密码';
# 刷新权限(将当前 user 和 privilige 表中的用户信息/权限设置从 mysql 库提取到内存中)
mysql> flush privileges;
安装 Nginx
使用yum
安装nginx:
yum -y install nginx
启动nginx
并设为开机启动:
systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable nginx
更改防火墙规则,添加80
端口:
# 防火墙添加 80 端口(permanent: 永久)
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
# 更新防火墙规则
firewall-cmd --reload
安装 PHP
使用 yum
安装 php-fpm:
yum -y install php71w-fpm php71w-cli php71w-gd php71w-mcrypt php71w-mysql php71w-pear php71w-xml php71w-mbstring php71w-pdo php71w-json php71w-pecl-apcu php71w-pecl-apcu-devel
启动 php-fpm 并设置为开机启动:
systemctl start php-fpm
systemctl enable php-fpm
配置 PHP7-FPM
在这一个步骤中,我们将配置 php-fpm 与 Nginx 协同运行。Php7-fpm 将使用 nginx
用户来运行,并监听 9000
端口。
使用 vim 编辑默认的 php7-fpm 配置文件:
vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
在第 8 行和第 10行,user
和 group
赋值为 nginx
:
user = nginx
group = nginx
在第 22 行,确保 php-fpm 运行在指定端口:
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
取消第 366-370 行的注释,启用 php-fpm 的系统环境变量:
env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
env[TMP] = /tmp
env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
env[TEMP] = /tmp
保存文件并退出 vim 编辑器。
下一步,就是在 /var/lib/
目录下创建一个新的文件夹 session
,并将其拥有者变更为 nginx
用户:
mkdir -p /var/lib/php/session
chown nginx:nginx -R /var/lib/php/session/
然后重新启动 php-fpm 和 Nginx:
systemctl restart nginx
systemctl restart php-fpm
为 Nextcloud 生成一个自签名 SSL 证书
可以使用诸如 let’s encrypt 等免费 SSL 证书,或者是自己创建自签名 (self signed) SSL 证书。这里我使用 OpenSSL 来创建自己的自签名 SSL 证书。
为 SSL 文件创建新目录:
mkdir -p /etc/nginx/cert/
如下,使用 openssl
生成一个新的 SSL 证书:
openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -nodes -out /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.crt -keyout /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.key
最后使用 chmod
命令将所有证书文件的权限设置为 600
:
chmod 700 /etc/nginx/cert
chmod 600 /etc/nginx/cert/*
部署 Nextcloud
下载 Nextcloud 服务端并解压:
wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/nextcloud-12.0.5.zip
unzip nextcloud-12.0.5.zip
mv nextcloud /var/www/html/
转到 Nginx 的 web 根目录为 Nextcloud 创建一个 data
文件夹:
cd /var/www/html/
mkdir -p nextcloud/data/
变更 nextcloud
目录的拥有者为 nginx
用户和组:
chown nginx:nginx -R nextcloud/
在 Nginx 中为 Nextcloud 配置虚拟主机
在 Nginx 的 conf.d
目录下创建一个新的虚拟主机配置文件 nextcloud.conf
:
cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
vim nextcloud.conf
将以下内容粘贴到虚拟主机配置文件中:
upstream php-handler {
server 127.0.0.1:9000;
#server unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name cloud.nextcloud.co;
# enforce https
return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name cloud.nextcloud.co;
ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.key;
# Add headers to serve security related headers
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
# topic first.
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000;
includeSubDomains; preload;";
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
# Path to the root of your installation
root /var/www/html/nextcloud/; # 自定义路径
location = /robots.txt {
allow all;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}
# The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
# Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json
# last;
location = /.well-known/carddav {
return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
}
location = /.well-known/caldav {
return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
}
# set max upload size
client_max_body_size 512M;
fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
# Disable gzip to avoid the removal of the ETag header
gzip off;
# Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
# This module is currently not supported.
#pagespeed off;
error_page 403 /core/templates/403.php;
error_page 404 /core/templates/404.php;
location / {
rewrite ^ /index.php$uri;
}
location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+|core/templates/40[34])\.php(?:$|/) {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
#Avoid sending the security headers twice
fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
fastcgi_pass php-handler;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
fastcgi_request_buffering off;
}
location ~ ^/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) {
try_files $uri/ =404;
index index.php;
}
# Adding the cache control header for js and css files
# Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
location ~* \.(?:css|js)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=7200";
# Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
# have those duplicated to the ones above)
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into
# this topic first.
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000;
includeSubDomains; preload;";
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
# Optional: Don't log access to assets
access_log off;
}
location ~* \.(?:svg|gif|png|html|ttf|woff|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
# Optional: Don't log access to other assets
access_log off;
}
}
保存文件并退出 vim。
下载测试以下该 Nginx 配置文件是否有错误,没有的话就可以重启服务了。
nginx -t
systemctl restart nginx
SELinux设置
关闭SELinux:
# 永久关闭 SELinux(需重启)
sed -i '/SELINUX/s/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
# 临时关闭 SELinux
setenforce 0
或 更改设置:
yum -y install policycoreutils-python
semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/var/www/html/nextcloud/data(/.*)?'
semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/var/www/html/nextcloud/config(/.*)?'
semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/var/www/html/nextcloud/apps(/.*)?'
semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/var/www/html/nextcloud/.htaccess'
semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/var/www/html/nextcloud/.user.ini'
restorecon -Rv '/var/www/html/nextcloud/'
防火墙设置
使用 firewall-cmd
命令来开启 http 和 https 端口,然后重新加载防火墙:
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=https
firewall-cmd --reload
Nextcloud配置
浏览器打开 IP/nextcloud 并输入配置:
点击安装完成后等一两分钟进入文件列表:
然后下载客户端按照提示操作就好了。