Android笔记7---Action Bar,消息,通知与广播

[1]Action Bar显示

最小sdk版本必须为:
		Android 3.0(API 11) 及以上

[2]Action Bar隐藏

1. 一种方式:AndroidManifest.xml中Theme="@style/Theme.NoActionBar"
2. 第二种方式,java文件中

actionBar.hide();     //隐藏

actionBar.show();    //显示

[3]添加Action Bar步骤

1. 定义菜单资源文件
   menu.xml

<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
	xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
	<item android:id="@+id/search"
		android:icon="@drawable/search"
		android:title="search"
		app:showAsAction="always"></item>
</menu>

2. 在onCreateOptionsMenu()中加载菜单资源文件

public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu){
    MenuInflater menuInflater =new MenuInflater(this); //实例化一个MenuInflater对象
        menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.menu,menu); //解析菜单文件
        return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
    }

[4]Action View

1. 定义菜单资源文件

<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
    <item android:id="@+id/search"
        android:title="@string/search"
        app:actionViewClass="android.support.v7.widget.SearchView"
        app:showAsAction="always"
        />
    <item android:id="@+id/txl"
        android:title="通讯录"
        app:actionLayout="@layout/txl"
        app:showAsAction="always" />
    <item android:id="@+id/add"
        android:title="添加"
        app:actionLayout="@layout/add"
        app:showAsAction="always" />
</menu>

2. 在onCreateOptionsMenu()中加载菜单资源文件

 @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //隐藏ActionBar上的显示标题
        getSupportActionBar().setDisplayShowTitleEnabled(false);
    }
      @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        MenuInflater menuInflater =getMenuInflater();
        menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.menu,menu);
        return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
    }

[5]Action Bar与Tab

 //1.先创建Fragment
 
//2.监听类
public class MyTabListener implements ActionBar.TabListener {

    final private Activity activity; //用于指定要加载Fragment的activity
    final private Class aClass; //用于指定要加载Fragment对应的类
    //定义Fragment对象
    private Fragment fragment;

    public MyTabListener(Activity activity, Class aClass) {
        this.activity = activity;
        this.aClass = aClass;
    }

//选择时
    @Override
    public void onTabSelected(ActionBar.Tab tab, FragmentTransaction ft) {
        if(fragment==null){
            fragment=Fragment.instantiate(activity, aClass.getName()); //通过反射机制碎片实例化
            ft.add(android.R.id.content,fragment,null);
        }
        ft.attach(fragment);
    }
//未选择时
    @Override
    public void onTabUnselected(ActionBar.Tab tab, FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction) {
        if(fragment!=null){
            fragmentTransaction.detach(fragment);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onTabReselected(ActionBar.Tab tab, FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction) {

    }
}

 //3. 设置使用Tab导航方式 
// 4. 添加多个Tab标签页,并为每个Tab标签页添加事件监听器

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //获取ActionBar对象
        android.support.v7.app.ActionBar actionBar =getSupportActionBar();
        //设置actionbar为选项卡模式
        actionBar.setNavigationMode(ActionBar.NAVIGATION_MODE_TABS);
        //隐藏标题栏
        actionBar.setDisplayOptions(0,ActionBar.DISPLAY_SHOW_TITLE);
        //把各个标签页添加到actionBar中
        actionBar.addTab(actionBar.newTab().setText("词典").
            setTabListener(new MyTabListener(this,fragment_image1.class)));
        actionBar.addTab(actionBar.newTab().setText("百科").
                setTabListener(new MyTabListener(this,fragment_image2.class)));
        actionBar.addTab(actionBar.newTab().setText("翻译").
                setTabListener(new MyTabListener(this,fragment_image3.class)));
        actionBar.addTab(actionBar.newTab().setText("发现").
                setTabListener(new MyTabListener(this,fragment_image4.class)));
        actionBar.addTab(actionBar.newTab().setText("我的").
                setTabListener(new MyTabListener(this,fragment_image5.class)));

    }
}

[6]实现层级式导航

//1.设置布局,跳转设置
//2判断父Activity是否为空,不为空设置导航图标
public class Main2Activity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2);

        //判断父Activity是否为空,不为空设置导航图标
        if(NavUtils.getParentActivityName(Main2Activity.this)!=null){
            getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true); //设置向左的箭头图标
        }
}
//3.在androidmanifest.xml中设置父Activity

<activity android:name=".Main2Activity"
            android:label="朋友圈">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.PARENT_ACTIVITY"
                android:value=".MainActivity"/>
        </activity>

[7]AlertDialog实现四种不同类型的对话框

1. 带取消,确定按钮的对话框

 btn1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //创建alertDialog对象
                AlertDialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this).create();
                alertDialog.setIcon(R.drawable.apple1); //设置对话框图标
                alertDialog.setTitle("乔布斯:"); //设置标题
                alertDialog.setMessage("活着就是为了改变世界,难道还有其他原因?"); //设置内容
                //设置按钮
                alertDialog.setButton(DialogInterface.BUTTON_NEGATIVE, "否", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"您单击了取消按钮",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                });
                alertDialog.setButton(DialogInterface.BUTTON_POSITIVE, "是", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"您单击了确定按钮",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                });
                //展示对话框
                alertDialog.show();
            }
        });

2. 带列表项的对话框

 btn2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                final String [] items={
                        "当你有使命,它会让你更专注",
                        "要么出众,要么出局",
                        "活着就是为了改变世界",
                        "求知若饥,虚心若愚"
                };
                //创建alertDialog.builder对象
                AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
                builder.setIcon(R.drawable.apple1);
                builder.setTitle("请选择你喜欢的名言");
                builder.setItems(items, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"您单击了["+items[which]+"]",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                });
                builder.create().show(); //创建并显示对话框
            }
        });

3. 带单选按钮的对话框

btn3.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
               final String [] items ={
                        "乔布斯","安迪.鲁宾","扎克伯格","马云","马化腾"
                };
                builder.setIcon(R.drawable.apple1);
                builder.setTitle("如果可以选择,你会选谁");
                builder.setSingleChoiceItems(items, 0, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"您选了["+items[which]+"]",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                });
                builder.setPositiveButton("确定",null);
                builder.create().show();
            }
        });

4. 带多选列表项的对话框

 //带多选列表项的对话框
        btn4.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //记录各列表项的状态
                final boolean [] checkedStates ={true,false,true,false,true};
                //各列表项的内容
                final String [] items ={
                        "开心消消乐","蛇蛇大战","欢乐斗地主","欢乐麻将","王者荣耀"
                };
                AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
                builder.setIcon(R.drawable.apple1);
                builder.setTitle("请选择你喜欢的游戏:");
                builder.setMultiChoiceItems(items, checkedStates, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) {
                        //改变状态
                        checkedStates[which]=isChecked;
                    }
                });
                builder.setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        String result = "";
                        for(int i=0;i<checkedStates.length;i++){
                            if(checkedStates[i]){
                                result+=items[i]+"、";  //把列表项的内容添加到result中
                            }
                        }
                        if(!"".equals(result)){
                            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"您选了["+result+"]",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                    }
                });
                builder.create().show();

            }
        });

[8]Notification在状态栏显示通知

1. 获取系统的NotificationManager服务------getSystemService()方法
2. 创建Notification对象
3. 为Notification对象设置属性
4. 发送Notification通知----NotificationManager对象的notify()方法

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
       
        NotificationManager notificationManager;
        notificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
         NotificationCompat.Builder notification;

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
            NotificationChannel mChannel = new NotificationChannel("my_channel_01", "channel_name", NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH);
            notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(mChannel);
            notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this,"my_channel_01");
        } else {
            notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
        }
        //对notification进行配置
         notification
                .setContentTitle("奖励百万红包")
                .setContentText("点击查看详情")
                .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.chilun)
                .setAutoCancel(true)
                .setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND|Notification.DEFAULT_VIBRATE)
                .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis());
        //绑定intent
        Intent mIntent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,Details.class);
        PendingIntent mPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(MainActivity.this,0x123,mIntent,0);
        notification.setContentIntent(mPendingIntent);
        notificationManager.notify(0x123,notification.build());
    }
}

[9]BroadcastReceiver 广播接收器

Android 8.0以后广播的正确用法:

1. 新建一个广播接收器类MyReceiver

public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

   private static final String ACTION1="zuckerberg";
    private static final String ACTION2="mayun";
   @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        if(intent.getAction().equals(ACTION1)){
            Toast.makeText(context,"收到扎克伯格的广播",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }else if(intent.getAction().equals(ACTION2)){
            Toast.makeText(context,"收到马云的广播",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
}

2. 新建一个UnSortBroadcastReceiver
3. 主Activity中

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    protected  UnSortBroadcastReceiver receiver;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Button btn = findViewById(R.id.btn1);
        btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //单击发送一条广播
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                //为intent添加动作
                intent.setAction("mayun");
                sendBroadcast(intent);

            }
        });
    }
    @Override
    protected void onPostResume() {
        super.onPostResume();
        //动态注册广播
        IntentFilter counterActionFilter = new IntentFilter();
        receiver = new UnSortBroadcastReceiver();
        registerReceiver(receiver,counterActionFilter);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        unregisterReceiver(receiver);
    }

4. 在Androidmanifest.xml中注册动作

 <receiver android:name=".MyReceiver"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter >
                <action android:name="zuckerberg"/>
                <action android:name="mayun"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

[10]AlarmManager设置闹钟

设置一个提示框

public class AlarmActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        //创建一个对话框
        AlertDialog alert = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).create();
        alert.setIcon(R.drawable.alarm);
         alert.setTitle("传递正能量");
        alert.setMessage("要么出众,要么退出");
        alert.setButton(DialogInterface.BUTTON_POSITIVE, "确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                finish();
            }
        });
        alert.show();


    }
}

主程序:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        final TimePicker timer = findViewById(R.id.time);
        timer.setIs24HourView(true);
        Button btn = findViewById(R.id.btn);

        btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //创建一个intent对象
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,AlarmActivity.class);
                PendingIntent pi=PendingIntent.getActivity(MainActivity.this,0,intent,0);

                //创建一个闹钟对象
                AlarmManager alarm= (AlarmManager) getSystemService(Context.ALARM_SERVICE);
                //获取日历对象
                Calendar calendar=Calendar.getInstance();
                //设置小时,分钟,秒
                calendar.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY,timer.getCurrentHour());
                calendar.set(Calendar.MINUTE,timer.getCurrentMinute());
                calendar.set(Calendar.SECOND,0);
                //设置一个闹钟,即时提醒
                alarm.set(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP,calendar.getTimeInMillis(),pi);
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"闹钟设置成功",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });

    }
}