Early stopping

import numpy as np
import torch

class EarlyStopping:
    """Early stops the training if validation loss doesn't improve after a given patience."""
    def __init__(self, patience=7, verbose=False, delta=0, path='checkpoint.pt'):
        """
        Args:
            patience (int): How long to wait after last time validation loss improved.
                            Default: 7
            verbose (bool): If True, prints a message for each validation loss improvement. 
                            Default: False
            delta (float): Minimum change in the monitored quantity to qualify as an improvement.
                            Default: 0
            path (str): Path for the checkpoint to be saved to.
                            Default: 'checkpoint.pt'
        """
        self.patience = patience
        self.verbose = verbose
        self.counter = 0
        self.best_score = None
        self.early_stop = False
        self.val_loss_min = np.Inf
        self.delta = delta
        self.path = path

    def __call__(self, val_loss, model):

        score = -val_loss

        if self.best_score is None:
            self.best_score = score
            self.save_checkpoint(val_loss, model)
        elif score < self.best_score + self.delta:
            self.counter += 1
            print(f'EarlyStopping counter: {self.counter} out of {self.patience}')
            if self.counter >= self.patience:
                self.early_stop = True
        else:
            self.best_score = score
            self.save_checkpoint(val_loss, model)
            self.counter = 0

    def save_checkpoint(self, val_loss, model):
        '''Saves model when validation loss decrease.'''
        if self.verbose:
            print(f'Validation loss decreased ({self.val_loss_min:.6f} --> {val_loss:.6f}).  Saving model ...')
        torch.save(model.state_dict(), self.path)
        self.val_loss_min = val_loss

下面在pytorch上面运用早停法（early stopping)

#Train the Model using Early Stopping
def train_model(model, batch_size, patience, n_epochs):
    
    # to track the training loss as the model trains
    train_losses = []
    # to track the validation loss as the model trains
    valid_losses = []
    # to track the average training loss per epoch as the model trains
    avg_train_losses = []
    # to track the average validation loss per epoch as the model trains
    avg_valid_losses = [] 
    
    # initialize the early_stopping object
    early_stopping = EarlyStopping(patience=patience, verbose=True)
    
    for epoch in range(1, n_epochs + 1):
 
        ###################
        # train the model #
        ###################
        model.train() # prep model for training
        for batch, (data, target) in enumerate(train_loader, 1):
            # clear the gradients of all optimized variables
            optimizer.zero_grad()
            # forward pass: compute predicted outputs by passing inputs to the model
            output = model(data)
            # calculate the loss
            loss = criterion(output, target)
            # backward pass: compute gradient of the loss with respect to model parameters
            loss.backward()
            # perform a single optimization step (parameter update)
            optimizer.step()
            # record training loss
            train_losses.append(loss.item())
 
        ######################    
        # validate the model #
        ######################
        model.eval() # prep model for evaluation
        for data, target in valid_loader:
            # forward pass: compute predicted outputs by passing inputs to the model
            output = model(data)
            # calculate the loss
            loss = criterion(output, target)
            # record validation loss
            valid_losses.append(loss.item())
 
        # print training/validation statistics 
        # calculate average loss over an epoch
        train_loss = np.average(train_losses)
        valid_loss = np.average(valid_losses)
        avg_train_losses.append(train_loss)
        avg_valid_losses.append(valid_loss)
        
        epoch_len = len(str(n_epochs))
        
        print_msg = (f'[{epoch:>{epoch_len}}/{n_epochs:>{epoch_len}}] ' +
                     f'train_loss: {train_loss:.5f} ' +
                     f'valid_loss: {valid_loss:.5f}')
        
        print(print_msg)
        
        # clear lists to track next epoch
        train_losses = []
        valid_losses = []
        
        # early_stopping needs the validation loss to check if it has decresed, 
        # and if it has, it will make a checkpoint of the current model
        early_stopping(valid_loss, model)
        
        if early_stopping.early_stop:
            print("Early stopping")
            break
        
    # load the last checkpoint with the best model
    model.load_state_dict(torch.load('checkpoint.pt'))
 
    return  model, avg_train_losses, avg_valid_losses