poj 3009 搜索

Curling 2.0

Time Limit: 1000MS		Memory Limit: 65536K
Total Submissions: 8582		Accepted: 3603

Description

On Planet MM-21, after their Olympic games this year, curling is getting popular. But the rules are somewhat different from ours. The game is played on an ice game board on which a square mesh is marked. They use only a single stone. The purpose of the game is to lead the stone from the start to the goal with the minimum number of moves.

Fig. 1 shows an example of a game board. Some squares may be occupied with blocks. There are two special squares namely the start and the goal, which are not occupied with blocks. (These two squares are distinct.) Once the stone begins to move, it will proceed until it hits a block. In order to bring the stone to the goal, you may have to stop the stone by hitting it against a block, and throw again.

Fig. 1: Example of board (S: start, G: goal)

The movement of the stone obeys the following rules:

• At the beginning, the stone stands still at the start square.
• The movements of the stone are restricted to x and y directions. Diagonal moves are prohibited.
• When the stone stands still, you can make it moving by throwing it. You may throw it to any direction unless it is blocked immediately(Fig. 2(a)).
• Once thrown, the stone keeps moving to the same direction until one of the following occurs:
  • The stone hits a block (Fig. 2(b), (c)).
    • The stone stops at the square next to the block it hit.
    • The block disappears.
  • The stone gets out of the board.
    • The game ends in failure.
  • The stone reaches the goal square.
    • The stone stops there and the game ends in success.
• You cannot throw the stone more than 10 times in a game. If the stone does not reach the goal in 10 moves, the game ends in failure.

Fig. 2: Stone movements

Under the rules, we would like to know whether the stone at the start can reach the goal and, if yes, the minimum number of moves required.

With the initial configuration shown in Fig. 1, 4 moves are required to bring the stone from the start to the goal. The route is shown in Fig. 3(a). Notice when the stone reaches the goal, the board configuration has changed as in Fig. 3(b).

Fig. 3: The solution for Fig. D-1 and the final board configuration

Input

The input is a sequence of datasets. The end of the input is indicated by a line containing two zeros separated by a space. The number of datasets never exceeds 100.

Each dataset is formatted as follows.

the width(=w) and the height(=h) of the board 
First row of the board 
... 
h-th row of the board

The width and the height of the board satisfy: 2 <= w <= 20, 1 <= h <= 20.

Each line consists of w decimal numbers delimited by a space. The number describes the status of the corresponding square.

0	vacant square
1	block
2	start position
3	goal position

The dataset for Fig. D-1 is as follows:

6 6 
1 0 0 2 1 0 
1 1 0 0 0 0 
0 0 0 0 0 3 
0 0 0 0 0 0 
1 0 0 0 0 1 
0 1 1 1 1 1

Output

For each dataset, print a line having a decimal integer indicating the minimum number of moves along a route from the start to the goal. If there are no such routes, print -1 instead. Each line should not have any character other than this number.

Sample Input

2 1
3 2
6 6
1 0 0 2 1 0
1 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 3
0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 1
0 1 1 1 1 1
6 1
1 1 2 1 1 3
6 1
1 0 2 1 1 3
12 1
2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3
13 1
2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3
0 0

Sample Output

1
4
-1
4
10
-1

这是一道很典型的深搜的题目，蛮有意思。下面是代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>
#define inf 1000000000
using namespace std;

int w,h;
int dir[4][2]={0,-1,1,0,0,1,-1,0};
int map[30][30];
int  sx,sy,res,step;

void dfs(int x,int y){
    step++;
    if(step>10||step>=res)//根据题意超过10就不行，而且要求最小，所以当前求出的比上一次大也不行
       return;
    int a,b;
    for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
         a=x+dir[i][0];
         b=y+dir[i][1];
         if(a<0||a>=h||b<0||b>=w||map[a][b]==1) continue;
         while(map[a][b]==2||map[a][b]==0){
               a+=dir[i][0];
               b+=dir[i][1];
               if(a<0||a>=h||b<0||b>=w)  break;
         }
         if(a<0||a>=h||b<0||b>=w) continue;
         if(map[a][b]==3){//到达终点
                res=step;
                return;
         }
         if(map[a][b]==1){//是墙的情况
              map[a][b]=0;//墙消失
              dfs(a-dir[i][0],b-dir[i][1]);//退回上一步搜索
              step--;//回溯，步数减一
              map[a][b]=1;//变回墙
         }
    }
}

int main(){
     //freopen("input.txt","r",stdin);
     //freopen("2.txt","w",stdout);
     while(cin>>w>>h&&h&&w){
           memset(map,0,sizeof(map));
           for(int i=0;i<h;i++)
              for(int j=0;j<w;j++){
                    cin>>map[i][j];
                    if(map[i][j]==2){
                        sx=i;
                        sy=j;
                    }
              }
             res=inf;
             step=0;
             dfs(sx,sy);
             if(res<=10)
               cout<<res<<endl;
             else
               cout<<-1<<endl;
     }
     return 0;
}