Android提供了好几种解析XML的方式,今天学习Pull解析方式:
DOM解析:需要加载进内存,效率较低,占用资源;
SAX解析:基于事件驱动
Pull解析:也是基于事件的解析,但是比SAX解析方式简单,方便;
这里假设我们要解析weather.xml文档
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<infos>
<city id="1">
<temp>20摄氏度</temp>
<weather>5月20日 多云转阴</weather>
<wind>南风3-4级</wind>
<name>上海</name>
<pm>200</pm>
</city>
<city id="2">
<temp>20摄氏度</temp>
<weather>5月20日 多云转阴</weather>
<wind>南风5-4级</wind>
<name>北京</name>
<pm>800</pm>
</city>
<city id="3">
<temp>20摄氏度</temp>
<weather>5月20日 多云转阴</weather>
<wind>南风1-4级</wind>
<name>哈尔滨</name>
<pm>100</pm>
</city>
</infos>
weather.xml定义了每个城市的天气情况,我们通过pull解析的方式来解析这个xml文件,下面是天气的业务类WeatherInfos:
package com.hm.weather.service;
public class WeatherInfos {
private int id;
private String name;
private String wind;
private String temp;
private String weather;
private String pm;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "[城市id=" + id + ", 名称=" + name + ", 风力=" + wind
+ ", 温度=" + temp + ", 天气=" + weather + ", pm2.5=" + pm
+ "]";
}
public String getWeather() {
return weather;
}
public void setWeather(String weather) {
this.weather = weather;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getWind() {
return wind;
}
public void setWind(String wind) {
this.wind = wind;
}
public String getTemp() {
return temp;
}
public void setTemp(String temp) {
this.temp = temp;
}
public String getPm() {
return pm;
}
public void setPm(String pm) {
this.pm = pm;
}
}
WeatherInfos业务类定义了每个城市的温度、PM2.5、风力、天气情况。
下面是我们整个app的基本类,MainActivity:
package com.hm.weather;
import java.util.List;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
import com.hm.weather.service.WeatherInfos;
import weatherService.WeatherService;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.Xml;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private TextView tv_weather;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
tv_weather = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_weather);
XmlPullParser xmlPullParser = Xml.newPullParser();
try {
List<WeatherInfos> weatherinfos = WeatherService.getWeatherInfos(MainActivity.this.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("weather.xml"));
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for(WeatherInfos info:weatherinfos){
String str = info.toString();
Log.i("hm", str);
sb.append(str);
tv_weather.setText(sb);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
Toast.makeText(this, "解析失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
里面我们使用了WeatherService.getWeatherInfos(MainActivity.this.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("weather.xml"))去解析weather.xml文件,获得各个城市的天气情况,并且显示到界面的TextView上。我们的布局文件如下,只有一个简单的TextView
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_weather"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:text="" />
</RelativeLayout>
接下来,我们看看最主要的,也就是如何解析xml文件的,我们抽取除了一个Service类,
package weatherService;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
import com.hm.weather.service.WeatherInfos;
import android.R.xml;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.Xml;
public class WeatherService {
public static List<WeatherInfos> getWeatherInfos(InputStream is) throws Exception{
XmlPullParser xmlPullParser = Xml.newPullParser();
//初始化解析器
xmlPullParser.setInput(is, "utf-8");
List<WeatherInfos> infos = null;
WeatherInfos weatherInfo = null;
int type = xmlPullParser.getEventType();//得到当前事件的类型
Log.i("hm", type+"");
while(type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT){//只要type不是xml文件的结尾,我们就一直循环解析
switch (type) {
case XmlPullParser.START_TAG://每个标签头
if("infos".equals(xmlPullParser.getName())){//如表标签头是infos字样
infos = new ArrayList<WeatherInfos>();
}else if("city".equals(xmlPullParser.getName())){
weatherInfo = new WeatherInfos();
String id = xmlPullParser.getAttributeValue(0);//获得city标签的属性,因为我们只有一个id属性,所以参数为0
weatherInfo.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));
}else if("temp".equals(xmlPullParser.getName())){
String temp = xmlPullParser.nextText();//nextText是获得标签里的信息
weatherInfo.setTemp(temp);
}else if("weather".equals(xmlPullParser.getName())){
String weather = xmlPullParser.nextText();
weatherInfo.setWeather(weather);
}else if("wind".equals(xmlPullParser.getName())){
String wind = xmlPullParser.nextText();
weatherInfo.setWind(wind);
}else if("name".equals(xmlPullParser.getName())){
String name = xmlPullParser.nextText();
weatherInfo.setName(name);
}else if("pm".equals(xmlPullParser.getName())){
String pm = xmlPullParser.nextText();
weatherInfo.setPm(pm);
}
break;
case XmlPullParser.END_TAG://每个标签的结尾
if("city".equals(xmlPullParser.getName())){//如果标签尾是city表示一个城市信息解析完毕,我们把它加入我们的list集合
infos.add(weatherInfo);
weatherInfo = null;
}
break;
}
type = xmlPullParser.next();//解析完一个字样,指向下一个
}
return infos;
}
}
这个解析的过程,类似一个游标一样,指向一个,然后解析获取数据存储,解析完指向下一个需要解析的字样。如果解析完毕,就返回存储的信息。