一、定义
给定一个语言,定义它的方法的一种表示,并定义一个解释器,这个解释器使用该表示来解释语言中的句子。
如果一种特定类型的问题发生的频率足够搞,那么可能就值得将该问题的各个实例表述为一个简单语言中的句子。这样就可以构建一个解释器,该解释器通过解释这些句子来解决该问题。
解释器模式可以很容易地改变和扩展文法,因为该模式使用类来表示文法规则,你可使用继承来改变或扩展该文法。也比较容易实现文法,因为定义抽象语法树中各个节点的类的实现大体类似,这些类都易于直接编写。
二、UML类图
三、实现
- 抽象操作类
package com.jthao.design.des.expression_;
public abstract class Expression {
public void Interpret(PlayContext context) {
if (context.getText().length() == 0) {
return;
} else {
String playKey = context.getText().substring(0, 1);
context.setText(context.getText().substring(2));
double playValue = Double.valueOf(context.getText().substring(0, 1).trim());
context.setText(context.getText().substring(context.getText().indexOf(" ") + 1));
Excute(playKey, playValue);
}
}
public abstract void Excute(String key, double value);
}
- 音符类
package com.jthao.design.des.expression_;
public class Note extends Expression {
@Override
public void Excute(String key, double value) {
String note = "";
switch (key) {
case "C":
note = "1";
break;
case "D":
note = "2";
break;
case "E":
note = "3";
break;
case "F":
note = "4";
break;
case "G":
note = "5";
break;
case "A":
note = "6";
break;
case "B":
note = "7";
break;
}
System.out.print(note + " ");
}
}
- 音阶类
package com.jthao.design.des.expression_;
public class Scale extends Expression {
@Override
public void Excute(String key, double value) {
String scale = "";
switch ((int) value) {
case 1:
scale = "低音";
break;
case 2:
scale = "中音";
break;
case 3:
scale = "高音";
break;
}
System.out.print(scale + " ");
}
}
- 音速类
package com.jthao.design.des.expression_;
public class Speed extends Expression {
@Override
public void Excute(String key, double value) {
String speed;
if (value < 500) {
speed = "快速";
} else if (value >= 1000) {
speed = "慢速";
} else {
speed = "中速";
}
System.out.print(speed + " ");
}
}
- 测试类
package com.jthao.design.des.expression_;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
PlayContext context = new PlayContext();
System.out.println("上海滩");
context.setText(
"T 500 O 2 E 0.5 G 0.5 A 3 E 0.5 G 0.5 D 3 E 0.5 G 0.5 A 0.5 O 3 C 1 O 2 A 0.5 G 1 C 0.5 E 0.5 D 3 ");
Expression expression = null;
try {
while (context.getText().length() > 0) {
String string = context.getText().substring(0, 1);
switch (string) {
case "O":
expression = new Scale();// 为O时,实例化音阶
break;
case "T":
expression = new Speed();
break;
case "C":
case "D":
case "E":
case "F":
case "G":
case "A":
case "B":
case "P":
expression = new Note();// 实例化音符
break;
default:
break;
}
expression.Interpret(context);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}