使用DBUtils为MySQL实现连接池功能

MySQL默认一个连接超过8小时无操作就断开该连接，对于想要长期保持连接的应用场景而言，太不方便

Python的MySQL绑定MySQLdb

发现DBUtils是一个不错的Python连接池 工具，根据这篇文章的代码，运行条SQL insert语句，发现有unicode错误

 'latin-1' codec can't encode characters in position 97-99: ordinal not in range(256)

此时需要将原文的连接池构建语句改成

pool = PooledDB(MySQLdb,15,host='localhost',user='test',passwd='test',db='crawl',port=3306, charset="utf8") #15为连接池里的最少连接数

即 多添加 一个参数charset，就能解决unicode错误

其实，从host开始的所有参数，都不是DBUtils关心的，而是透传给MySQLdb这个数据库python绑定接口，怎么透传呢？看PooledDB类的构造函数

 |  __init__(self, creator, mincached=0, maxcached=0, maxshared=0, maxconnections=0, blocking=False, maxusage=None, setsession=None, reset=True, failures=None, ping=1, *args, **kwargs)
 |      Set up the DB-API 2 connection pool.
 |      
 |      creator: either an arbitrary function returning new DB-API 2
 |          connection objects or a DB-API 2 compliant database module
 |      mincached: initial number of idle connections in the pool
 |          (0 means no connections are made at startup)
 |      maxcached: maximum number of idle connections in the pool
 |          (0 or None means unlimited pool size)
 |      maxshared: maximum number of shared connections
 |          (0 or None means all connections are dedicated)
 |          When this maximum number is reached, connections are
 |          shared if they have been requested as shareable.
 |      maxconnections: maximum number of connections generally allowed
 |          (0 or None means an arbitrary number of connections)
 |      blocking: determines behavior when exceeding the maximum
 |          (if this is set to true, block and wait until the number of
 |          connections decreases, otherwise an error will be reported)
 |      maxusage: maximum number of reuses of a single connection
 |          (0 or None means unlimited reuse)
 |          When this maximum usage number of the connection is reached,
 |          the connection is automatically reset (closed and reopened).
 |      setsession: optional list of SQL commands that may serve to prepare
 |          the session, e.g. ["set datestyle to ...", "set time zone ..."]
 |      reset: how connections should be reset when returned to the pool
 |          (False or None to rollback transcations started with begin(),
 |          True to always issue a rollback for safety's sake)
 |      failures: an optional exception class or a tuple of exception classes
 |          for which the connection failover mechanism shall be applied,
 |          if the default (OperationalError, InternalError) is not adequate
 |      ping: determines when the connection should be checked with ping()
 |          (0 = None = never, 1 = default = whenever fetched from the pool,
 |          2 = when a cursor is created, 4 = when a query is executed,
 |          7 = always, and all other bit combinations of these values)
 |      args, kwargs: the parameters that shall be passed to the creator
 |          function or the connection constructor of the DB-API 2 module

是通过最后2个参数，*args和**kwargs，来透传的

*args和**kwargs分别代表tuple参数和dict参数，但这种方式 比 显式指定tuple和dict两个位置参数 要好，因为少了一层 封装

关于*args和**kwargs的进一步信息，可以参考这篇文章