【笔记】用户登录案例的分析与实现

用户登录案例需求

1.编写login.html登录页面
		username & password 两个输入框
2.使用Druid数据库连接池技术,操作mysql，day14数据库中user表
3.使用JdbcTemplate技术封装JDBC
4.登录成功跳转到SuccessServlet展示：登录成功！用户名,欢迎您
5.登录失败跳转到FailServlet展示：登录失败，用户名或密码错误

分析

开发步骤

1. 创建项目，导入html页面，配置文件(Druid数据库连接池的配置文件：druid.properties)，jar包(包括mysql的jar包，Spring-jdbc 的jar包，还有Druid数据库连接池的jar包）:
   
   2. 创建数据库环境

    	CREATE DATABASE day14;
    	USE day14;
    	CREATE TABLE USER(
    	
    		id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
    		username VARCHAR(32) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
    		PASSWORD VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL
    	);
   

   3. 创建包cn.itcast.domain,创建类User

       package cn.itcast.domain;
       /**
        * 用户的实体类
        */
       public class User {
       
           private int id;
           private String username;
           private String password;
       
       
           public int getId() {
               return id;
           }
       
           public void setId(int id) {
               this.id = id;
           }
       
           public String getUsername() {
               return username;
           }
       
           public void setUsername(String username) {
               this.username = username;
           }
       
           public String getPassword() {
               return password;
           }
       
           public void setPassword(String password) {
               this.password = password;
           }
       
           @Override
           public String toString() {
               return "User{" +
                       "id=" + id +
                       ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                       ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                       '}';
           }
       }
      

      4. 创建包cn.itcast.util,编写工具类JDBCUtils

	package cn.itcast.util;

			import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourceFactory;
			
			import javax.sql.DataSource;
			import javax.xml.crypto.Data;
			import java.io.IOException;
			import java.io.InputStream;
			import java.sql.Connection;
			import java.sql.SQLException;
			import java.util.Properties;
			
			/**
			 * JDBC工具类 使用Durid连接池
			 */
			public class JDBCUtils {
			
			    private static DataSource ds ;
			
			    static {
			
			        try {
			            //1.加载配置文件
			            Properties pro = new Properties();
			            //使用ClassLoader加载配置文件，获取字节输入流
			            InputStream is = JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties");
			            pro.load(is);
			
			            //2.初始化连接池对象
			            ds = DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(pro);
			
			        } catch (IOException e) {
			            e.printStackTrace();
			        } catch (Exception e) {
			            e.printStackTrace();
			        }
			    }
			
			    /**
			     * 获取连接池对象
			     */
			    public static DataSource getDataSource(){
			        return ds;
			    }
			
			
			    /**
			     * 获取连接Connection对象
			     */
			    public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
			        return  ds.getConnection();
			    }
			}

5. 创建包cn.itcast.dao,创建类UserDao,提供login方法

    	package cn.itcast.dao;
   
    	import cn.itcast.domain.User;
    	import cn.itcast.util.JDBCUtils;
    	import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
    	import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
    	import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
    	
    	/**
    	 * 操作数据库中User表的类
    	 */
    	public class UserDao {
    	
    	    //声明JDBCTemplate对象共用
    	    private JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils.getDataSource());
    	
    	    /**
    	     * 登录方法
    	     * @param loginUser 只有用户名和密码
    	     * @return user包含用户全部数据,没有查询到，返回null
    	     */
    	    public User login(User loginUser){
    	        try {
    	            //1.编写sql
    	            String sql = "select * from user where username = ? and password = ?";
    	            //2.调用query方法
    	            User user = template.queryForObject(sql,
    	                    new BeanPropertyRowMapper<User>(User.class),
    	                    loginUser.getUsername(), loginUser.getPassword());
    	
    	
    	            return user;
    	        } catch (DataAccessException e) {
    	            e.printStackTrace();//记录日志
    	            return null;
    	        }
    	    }
    	}
   

   6. 编写cn.itcast.web.servlet.LoginServlet类

       package cn.itcast.web.servlet;
      
       import cn.itcast.dao.UserDao;
       import cn.itcast.domain.User;
       
       import javax.servlet.ServletException;
       import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
       import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
       import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
       import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
       import java.io.IOException;
       
       
       @WebServlet("/loginServlet")
       public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
       
       
           @Override
           protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
               //1.设置编码
               req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
               //2.获取请求参数
               String username = req.getParameter("username");
               String password = req.getParameter("password");
               //3.封装user对象
               User loginUser = new User();
               loginUser.setUsername(username);
               loginUser.setPassword(password);
       
               //4.调用UserDao的login方法
               UserDao dao = new UserDao();
               User user = dao.login(loginUser);
       
               //5.判断user
               if(user == null){
                   //登录失败
                   req.getRequestDispatcher("/failServlet").forward(req,resp);
               }else{
                   //登录成功
                   //存储数据
                   req.setAttribute("user",user);
                   //转发
                   req.getRequestDispatcher("/successServlet").forward(req,resp);
               }
       
           }
       
           @Override
           protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
               this.doGet(req,resp);
           }
       }
      

      7. 编写FailServlet和SuccessServlet类

			@WebServlet("/successServlet")
			public class SuccessServlet extends HttpServlet {
			    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
			        //获取request域中共享的user对象
			        User user = (User) request.getAttribute("user");
			
			        if(user != null){
			            //给页面写一句话
			
			            //设置编码
			            response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
			            //输出
			            response.getWriter().write("登录成功！"+user.getUsername()+",欢迎您");
			        }
			
			
			    }		


			@WebServlet("/failServlet")
			public class FailServlet extends HttpServlet {
			    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
			        //给页面写一句话
			
			        //设置编码
			        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
			        //输出
			        response.getWriter().write("登录失败，用户名或密码错误");
			
			    }
			
			    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
			        this.doPost(request,response);
			    }
			}

8. login.html中form表单的action路径的写法
   * 虚拟目录+Servlet的资源路径

9. BeanUtils工具类，简化数据封装
   * 用于封装JavaBean的

    	1. JavaBean：标准的Java类
    		
    		1. 要求：
    			1. 类必须被public修饰
    			2. 必须提供空参的构造器
    			3. 成员变量必须使用private修饰
    			4. 提供公共setter和getter方法
    		2. 功能：封装数据
   
   
    	2. 概念：
    		成员变量：
    		属性：setter和getter方法截取后的产物
    			例如：getUsername() --> Username--> username
   
   
    	3. 方法：
    		1. setProperty()
    		2. getProperty()
    		3. populate(Object obj , Map map):将map集合的键值对信息，封装到对应的JavaBean对象中