[置顶] The Clean Coder —— 测试策略

本文源自《代码整洁之道》,介绍了开发人员的目标、QA的角色以及自动化测试金字塔,强调单元测试作为设计文档的重要性,并指出软件质量源于设计而非测试。测试策略包括单元测试、组件测试、集成测试、系统测试、人工探索式测试,以及验收测试的区分。
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来源:《代码整洁之道:程序员的职业素养》

 

1. 开发人员的目标

开发人员应把“QA找不到任何错误”作为努力的目标。

(虽然这个目标几乎无法实现,但仍然是我们努力的目标。正所谓“求其上,得其中;求其中,得其下;求其下,必败”。)

 

2. QA在项目中的角色

QA在团队中的角色是需求规约定义者(specifier)和特性描述者(characterizer)。

(某些项目中,特别是业务复杂需要较强专业能力的项目中,会设有全职的业务研究员(BA)。在这些项目中,BA会负责上述角色中偏业务的部分,QA则负责偏测试理论的部分。)

 

3. 自动化测试金字塔



测试类别 测试操控方式 覆盖率
Robert C. Martin, "The Clean Coder: A Code of Conduct for Professional Programmers" Prentice Hall | 2011 | ISBN: 0137081073 | 256 pages | PDF | 6 MB Programmers who endure and succeed amidst swirling uncertainty and nonstop pressure share a common attribute: They care deeply about the practice of creating software. They treat it as a craft. They are professionals. In The Clean Coder: A Code of Conduct for Professional Programmers, legendary software expert Robert C. Martin introduces the disciplines, techniques, tools, and practices of true software craftsmanship. This book is packed with practical advice—about everything from estimating and coding to refactoring and testing. It covers much more than technique: It is about attitude. Martin shows how to approach software development with honor, self-respect, and pride; work well and work clean; communicate and estimate faithfully; face difficult decisions with clarity and honesty; and understand that deep knowledge comes with a responsibility to act. Readers will learn: - What it means to behave as a true software craftsman - How to deal with conflict, tight schedules, and unreasonable managers - How to get into the flow of coding, and get past writer’s block - How to handle unrelenting pressure and avoid burnout - How to combine enduring attitudes with new development paradigms - How to manage your time, and avoid blind alleys, marshes, bogs, and swamps - How to foster environments where programmers and teams can thrive - When to say “No”—and how to say it - When to say “Yes”—and what yes really means Great software is something to marvel at: powerful, elegant, functional, a pleasure to work with as both a developer and as a user. Great software isn’t written by machines. It is written by professionals with an unshakable commitment to craftsmanship. The Clean Coder will help you become one of them—and earn the pride and fulfillment that they alone possess.
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