iOS Coredata的基本使用

iOS Coredata的基本使用

• coredata 管理类：NSManagedObjectModel、NSPersistentStoreCoordinator、NSManagedObjectContext。其中，NSManagedObjectModel是模型管理类，管理APP中的数据模型；NSPersistentStoreCoordinator将model和持久化存储联系起来，并且将上下文（NSManagedObjectContext）与持久化存储联系起来，其实就是充当解析器。NSManagedObjectContext是上下文类，负责管理数据的获取、创建和保存等工作。

• coreda数据库创建

  （1）创建工程时，勾选“Use Core Data”选项
  

  （2）在工程中选择新建文件，在新建文件界面选择新建“Data Model”, 点击next即可新建
  

-coredata创建数据模型
进入刚建好的数据库中，如下图点击“Add Entity”增加一个数据模型，双击该Entity进行重命名。点击2，在数据表中增加一个属性，双击该属性进行重命名，并且指定type类型。

点击“Style”，可以看到数据库中所有数据表的关系图。

注：iOS8之后，NSManagedObjectModel对NSManagedObject统一管理，不需要再次创建subClass，在使用时，直接引入#import “entity名称+CoreDataProperties.h”头文件即可。

-创建AppDataManager单例，管理数据表增删改查等基本操作。
（1）声明NSManagedObjectContext、NSManagedObjectModel、NSPersistentStoreCoordinator为实体变量，并实现初始化方法：

@interface AppDataManager() {
    NSManagedObjectContext *objContext;
    NSManagedObjectModel *objModel;
    NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *persistentCoordinator;
}

@end

static AppDataManager *sharedInstance = nil;

@implementation AppDataManager

+ (instancetype)sharedInstance {
    static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
    dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
        sharedInstance = [[AppDataManager alloc] init];
    });
    return sharedInstance;
}

- (instancetype)init {
    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
        [self createObjModel];
        [self createpersistentCoordinator];
        [self createObjContext];
    }
    return self;
}

- (void)createObjModel {
    if (!objModel) {
        objModel = [NSManagedObjectModel mergedModelFromBundles:nil];
    }
}

- (void)createpersistentCoordinator {
    if (persistentCoordinator != nil) {
        return;
    }
    persistentCoordinator = [[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:objModel];
    NSString *dir = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES).firstObject;
    NSString *path = [dir stringByAppendingString:@"CoredataDemo.db"];
    NSURL *storeUrl = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:path];
    NSError *error = nil;
    [persistentCoordinator addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType configuration:nil URL:storeUrl options:nil error:&error];
    if (!error) {
        NSLog(@"数据库打开成功");
    } else {
        NSLog(@"数据库打开失败:%@", [error description]);
    }
}

- (void)createObjContext {
    if (objContext != nil) {
        return;
    }
    NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *coordinator = persistentCoordinator;
    if (coordinator == nil) {
        return;
    }
    objContext = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] initWithConcurrencyType:NSMainQueueConcurrencyType];
    objContext.persistentStoreCoordinator = coordinator;
}

（2）增加数据

- (BOOL)addScore:(NSDictionary *)dic {
    NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Score"];
    request.predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"identity=%@", dic[@"identity"]];
    NSError *error = nil;
    NSArray *results = [objContext executeFetchRequest:request error:&error];
    if (error == nil) {
        NSLog(@"score查询成功");
    } else {
        NSLog(@"score查询失败%@", [error description]);
        return NO;
    }
    Score *score = nil;
    if (results && results.count > 0) {
        score = results.firstObject;
    } else {
        score = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Score" inManagedObjectContext:objContext];
    }
    score.name = dic[@"name"];
    score.identity = dic[@"identity"];
    score.score = dic[@"score"];
    [objContext save:&error];
    if (error == nil) {
        NSLog(@"score 插入成功");
        return YES;
    } else {
        NSLog(@"score插入失败%@", [error description]);
        return NO;
    }
}

（3）删除数据

- (BOOL)deleteScore:(NSString *)identity {
    NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Score"];
    request.predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"identity=%@", identity];
    NSError *error = nil;
    NSArray *results = [objContext executeFetchRequest:request error:&error];
    Score *score = nil;
    if (error == nil) {
        NSLog(@"查询score成功");
    } else {
        NSLog(@"查询score失败%@", [error description]);
        return NO;
    }
    if (results && results.count) {
        score = results.firstObject;
    } else {
        NSLog(@"数据中无符合条件的数据");
    }
    [objContext deleteObject:score];
    [objContext save:&error];
    if (error == nil) {
        NSLog(@"score删除成功");
        return YES;
    } else {
        NSLog(@"score删除失败%@", [error description]);
        return NO;
    }
}

（4）修改数据

- (BOOL)updateScore:(NSDictionary *)dic {
    NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Score"];
    request.predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"identity=%@",dic[@"identity"]];
    NSError *error = nil;
    NSArray *results = [objContext executeFetchRequest:request error:&error];
    if (error == nil) {
        NSLog(@"score查询成功");
    } else {
        NSLog(@"score查询失败%@", [error description]);
        return NO;
    }
    Score *score = nil;
    if (results && results.count > 0) {
        score = results.firstObject;
    } else {
        score = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Score" inManagedObjectContext:objContext];
    }
    score.identity = dic[@"identity"];
    score.name = dic[@"name"];
    score.score = dic[@"score"];
    [objContext save:&error];
    if (error == nil) {
        NSLog(@"score更新成功");
        return YES;
    } else {
        NSLog(@"score更新失败%@",[error description]);
        return NO;
    }
}

（5）条件查询

- (NSArray *)getScore:(NSString *)identity {
    NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Score"];
    request.predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"identity=%@", identity];
    NSError *error = nil;
    NSArray *results = [objContext executeFetchRequest:request error:&error];
    if (error == nil) {
        NSLog(@"score查询成功");
    } else {
        NSLog(@"score查询失败:%@", [error description]);
    }
    return results;
}

（6）获取全部数据

- (NSArray *)score {
    NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Score"];
    NSError *error = nil;
    NSArray *results = [objContext executeFetchRequest:request error:&error];
    if (error == nil) {
        NSLog(@"score查询成功");
    } else {
        NSLog(@"score查询失败：%@",[error description]);
    }
    return results;
}