用barh（）函数绘制条形图

# 需求一：国家统计局给出的网购替代率不一定精准，请为所有条形图添加误差棒，用于展示3%的误差


import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# 显示中文
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
x = np.array([0.959, 0.951, 0.935, 0.924, 0.893,
              0.892, 0.865, 0.863, 0.860, 0.856,
              0.854, 0.835, 0.826, 0.816, 0.798,
              0.765, 0.763, 0.67])
y = np.arange(1, 19)
labels = ["家政、家教、保姆等生活服务", "飞机票、火车票", "家具", "手机、手机配件",
          "计算机及其配套产品", "汽车用品", "通信充值、游戏充值", "个人护理用品",
          "书报杂志及音像制品", "餐饮、旅游、住宿", "家用电器",
          "食品、饮料、烟酒、保健品", "家庭日杂用品", "保险、演出票务",
          "服装、鞋帽、家用纺织品", "数码产品", "其他商品和服务", "工艺品、收藏品"]

#偏差数据
error = [x*0.03]


# 绘制条形图
plt.barh(y, x, tick_label = ["家政、家教、保姆等生活服务", "飞机票、火车票", "家具", "手机、手机配件","计算机及其配套产品", "汽车用品",
                             "通信充值、游戏充值","个人护理用品","书报杂志及音像制品", "餐饮、旅游、住宿", "家用电器",
                             "食品、饮料、烟酒、保健品", "家庭日杂用品", "保险、演出票务","服装、鞋帽、家用纺织品", "数码产品",
                             "其他商品和服务", "工艺品、收藏品"], height=0.6, xerr=error)


plt.show()

 运行结果如下：