Java用户交互Scanner---next()与nextLine()

Java用户交互Scanner

Scanner对象

  • 之前我们学的基本语法中我们并没有实现程序和人的交互,但是Java给我们提供了这样一个工具类,我们可以获取用户的输入。java.util.scanner是Java5的新特征,我们可以通过Scanner类来获取用户的输入。
  • 基本语法
 Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
  • 通过Scanner类的next()与nextLine()方法获取输入的字符串,在读取前我们一般需要使用hasNext()与hasNextLine()判断是否还有输入的数据。

next()和nextLine()的特点

next():

  1. 一定要读取到有效字符后才可以结束输入。
  2. 对输入有效字符之前遇到的空白, next()方法会自动将其去掉。
  3. 只有输入有效字符后才将其后面输入的空白作为分隔符或者结束符。
  4. next()不能得到带有空格的字符串。

nextLine():

  1. 以Enter为结束符,也就是说nextLine()方法返回的是输入回车之前的所有字符。
  2. 可以获得空白。

next()示例代码一:

package com.kuang.scanner;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Demon01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //创建一个扫描器的对象,用它接收键盘数据    Alt+Enter
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);  //接收用户输入

        System.out.println("使用next方式接收:");

        //判断用户有没有输入字符串
        if (scanner.hasNext()){
            //使用next方式接收
            String str = scanner.next();  //程序会等待用户输入完毕
            System.out.println("输出的内容为:"+str);

        }
        //凡是属于IO流的类如果不关闭会一直占用资源,要养成好习惯用完就关掉
        scanner.close();
    }
}

next()示例代码运行结果一:

D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\bin\java.exe "-javaagent:D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.3.2\lib\idea_rt.jar=49465:D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.3.2\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\charsets.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\deploy.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\javaws.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jce.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jfr.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jsse.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\plugin.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\resources.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\rt.jar;E:\桌面\java学习\production\基础语法 com.kuang.scanner.Demon01
使用next方式接收:
Hello World!!!
输出的内容为:Hello

Process finished with exit code 0

nextLine()示例代码二:

package com.kuang.scanner;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Demon02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //从键盘接收数据
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("使用nextLine方式接收:");

        //判断是否还有输入
        if (scanner.hasNextLine()){
            String str = scanner.nextLine();
            System.out.println("输出的内容为:"+str);
        }
        //关掉
        scanner.close();
    }
}

nextLine()示例代码运行结果二:

D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\bin\java.exe "-javaagent:D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.3.2\lib\idea_rt.jar=49500:D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.3.2\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\charsets.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\deploy.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\javaws.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jce.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jfr.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jsse.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\plugin.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\resources.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\rt.jar;E:\桌面\java学习\production\基础语法 com.kuang.scanner.Demon02
使用nextLine方式接收:
Hello World!!
输出的内容为:Hello World!!

Process finished with exit code 0

nextLine()示例代码三:

package com.kuang.scanner;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Demon03 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //从键盘接收数据
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入数据:");


        String str = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("输出的内容为:"+str);


        scanner.close();

    }

}

nextLine()示例代码运行结果三:

D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\bin\java.exe "-javaagent:D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.3.2\lib\idea_rt.jar=49555:D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.3.2\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\charsets.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\deploy.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\javaws.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jce.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jfr.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jsse.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\plugin.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\resources.jar;D:\environment\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\rt.jar;E:\桌面\java学习\production\基础语法 com.kuang.scanner.Demon03
请输入数据:
It is a lovely day!
输出的内容为:It is a lovely day!

Process finished with exit code 0

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