android源码分析之类Build

Build类包含了许多手机信息，如手机设备名，芯片名，制程商的名字，model，android软件版本，SDK，fingerprint等等重要信息。

一个关于Build的Demo

import android.os.Build;


private void init() {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.ID:"+Build.ID);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.DISPLAY:"+Build.DISPLAY);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.PRODUCT:"+Build.PRODUCT);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.DEVICE:"+Build.DEVICE);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.BOARD:"+Build.BOARD);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.MANUFACTURER:"+Build.MANUFACTURER);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.BRAND:"+Build.BRAND);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.MODEL:"+Build.MODEL);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.BOOTLOADER:"+Build.BOOTLOADER);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.HARDWARE:"+Build.HARDWARE);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.SERIAL:"+Build.SERIAL);
    //Log.i(TAG, "Build.SUPPORTED_ABIS:"+Build.SUPPORTED_ABIS);
    //Log.i(TAG, "Build.SUPPORTED_32_BIT_ABIS:"+Build.SUPPORTED_32_BIT_ABIS);
    //Log.i(TAG, "Build.SUPPORTED_64_BIT_ABIS:"+Build.SUPPORTED_64_BIT_ABIS);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.VERSION.INCREMENTAL:"+Build.VERSION.INCREMENTAL);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.VERSION.RELEASE:"+Build.VERSION.RELEASE);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.VERSION.SDK:"+Build.VERSION.SDK);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.VERSION.SDK_INT:"+Build.VERSION.SDK_INT);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.VERSION.CODENAME:"+Build.VERSION.CODENAME);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.TYPE:"+Build.TYPE);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.TAGS:"+Build.TAGS);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.FINGERPRINT:"+Build.FINGERPRINT);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.TIME:"+Build.TIME);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.USER:"+Build.USER);
    Log.i(TAG, "Build.HOST:"+Build.HOST);
    //Log.i(TAG, "Build.IS_DEBUGGABLE:"+Build.IS_DEBUGGABLE);
}

Log信息如下：

11-27 08:02:22.975: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.ID:LRX22G
11-27 08:02:22.975: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.DISPLAY:LRX22G release-keys
11-27 08:02:22.975: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.PRODUCT:l9010_cla
11-27 08:02:22.975: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.DEVICE:l9010_cla
11-27 08:02:22.975: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.BOARD:msm8916
11-27 08:02:22.975: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.MANUFACTURER:Lanix
11-27 08:02:22.975: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.BRAND:qcom
11-27 08:02:22.975: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.MODEL:Ilium L950
11-27 08:02:22.976: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.BOOTLOADER:unknown
11-27 08:02:22.976: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.HARDWARE:qcom
11-27 08:02:22.976: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.SERIAL:1ca7811b
11-27 08:02:22.976: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.VERSION.INCREMENTAL:eng.android.20151126
11-27 08:02:22.976: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.VERSION.RELEASE:5.0.2
11-27 08:02:22.976: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.VERSION.SDK:21
11-27 08:02:22.976: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.VERSION.SDK_INT:21
11-27 08:02:22.976: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.VERSION.CODENAME:REL
11-27 08:02:22.976: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.TYPE:user
11-27 08:02:22.976: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.TAGS:release-keys
11-27 08:02:22.976: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.FINGERPRINT:LANIX/Ilium_L950/Ilium_L950:5.0.2/LRX22G/eng.android.20150828:user/release-keys
11-27 08:02:22.976: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.TIME:1448503027000
11-27 08:02:22.976: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.USER:android
11-27 08:02:22.976: I/MainActivity(13256): Build.HOST:C208

Build源码分析

基本属性

我们打开Build源码(./frameworks/base/core/java/android/os/Build.java)，大概的看一下源码：

public class Build {
    private static final String TAG = "Build";

    /** Value used for when a build property is unknown. */
    public static final String UNKNOWN = "unknown";

    /** Either a changelist number, or a label like "M4-rc20". */
    public static final String ID = getString("ro.build.id");

    /** A build ID string meant for displaying to the user */
    public static final String DISPLAY = getString("ro.build.display.id");

    /** The name of the overall product. */
    public static final String PRODUCT = getString("ro.product.name");

    /** The name of the industrial design. */
    public static final String DEVICE = getString("ro.product.device");

    /** The name of the underlying board, like "goldfish". */
    public static final String BOARD = getString("ro.product.board");

.............

Build类中主要是一些成员属性，这些属性看的眼熟不，对，如果你接触过手机的属性的话，那么你就会明白，这就是读取的手机属性值。

下面是我列的一个表格：

成员属性	手机属性名	手机属性值
ID	ro.build.id	LRX22G
DISPLAY	ro.build.display.id	LRX22G release-keys
PRODUCT	ro.product.name	l9010_cla
DEVICE	ro.product.device	l9010_cla
BOARD	ro.product.board	msm8916
MANUFACTURER	ro.product.manufacturer	Lanix
BRAND	ro.product.brand	qcom
MODEL	ro.product.model	Ilium L950
BOOTLOADER	ro.bootloader	unknown
HARDWARE	ro.hardware	qcom
SERIAL	ro.serialno	1ca7811b
SUPPORTED_ABIS	ro.product.cpu.abilist	armeabi-v7a,armeabi
SUPPORTED_32_BIT_ABIS	ro.product.cpu.abilist32	armeabi-v7a,armeabi
SUPPORTED_64_BIT_ABIS	ro.product.cpu.abilist64
INCREMENTAL	ro.build.version.incremental	eng.android.20151126
RELEASE	ro.build.version.release	5.0.2
SDK	ro.build.version.sdk	21
SDK_INT	ro.build.version.sdk	21
CODENAME	ro.build.version.codename	REL
TYPE	ro.build.type	user
TAGS	ro.build.tags	release-keys
FINGERPRINT	ro.build.fingerprint	LANIX/Ilium_L950/Ilium_L950:5.0.2/LRX22G/eng.android.20150828:user/release-keys
TIME	ro.build.date.utc	1448503027
USER	ro.build.user	android
HOST	ro.build.host	C208
IS_DEBUGGABLE	ro.debuggable	1

关于版本的成员属性

VERSION_CODES:
        /**
         * October 2008: The original, first, version of Android.  Yay!
         */
        public static final int BASE = 1;

        /**
         * February 2009: First Android update, officially called 1.1.
         */
        public static final int BASE_1_1 = 2;

        /**
         * May 2009: Android 1.5.
         */
        public static final int CUPCAKE = 3;

        /**
         * September 2009: Android 1.6. 
         */
        public static final int DONUT = 4;

     ........................
     ........................

        /**
         * Android 4.4W: KitKat for watches, snacks on the run.
         */
        public static final int KITKAT_WATCH = 20;

        /**
         * Temporary until we completely switch to {@link #LOLLIPOP}.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int L = 21;

        /**
         * Lollipop.  A flat one with beautiful shadows.  But still tasty.
         */
        public static final int LOLLIPOP = 21;

下面这个列表是关于软件版本号的表格：

VERSION_CODES：

成员属性	软件版本号	APK值
BASE	1.0	1
BASE_1_1	1.1	2
CUPCAKE	1.5	3
DONUT	1.6	4
ECLAIR	2.0	5
EECLAIR_0_1	2.0.1	6
ECLAIR_MR1	2.1	7
FROYO	2.2	8
GINGERBREAD	2.3	9
GINGERBREAD_MR1	2.3.3	10
HONEYCOMB	3.0	11
HONEYCOMB_MR1	3.1	12
HONEYCOMB_MR2	3.2	13
ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH	4.0	14
ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH_MR1	4.0.3	15
JELLY_BEAN	4.1	16
JELLY_BEAN_MR1	4.2	17
JELLY_BEAN_MR2	4.3	18
KITKAT	4.4	19
KITKAT_WATCH	4.4W	20
L	5.0	21
LOLLIPOP	5.0	21

关于fingerprint

先看代码：

private static String deriveFingerprint() {
        String finger = SystemProperties.get("ro.build.fingerprint");
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(finger)) {
            finger = getString("ro.product.brand") + '/' +
                    getString("ro.product.name") + '/' +
                    getString("ro.product.device") + ':' +
                    getString("ro.build.version.release") + '/' +
                    getString("ro.build.id") + '/' +
                    getString("ro.build.version.incremental") + ':' +
                    getString("ro.build.type") + '/' +
                    getString("ro.build.tags");
        }
        return finger;
}

代码非常明白的告诉我们，fingerprint有二种方式获取，
一种是直接读取：ro.build.fingerprint，
如果读取的ro.build.fingerprint信息为空，那么我们会使用拼接的方式获取fingerprint:
拼接的方式如下：

ro.product.brand+ro.product.name+ro.product.device+ro.build.version.release+ro.build.id+ro.build.version.incremental+ro.build.type+ro.build.tags

拼接结果如下：

qcom+l9010_cla+l9010_cla+5.0.2+LRX22G+eng.android.20151126+user+release-keys

我们直接读取的如果：

LANIX/Ilium_L950/Ilium_L950:5.0.2/LRX22G/eng.android.20150828:user/release-keys

如果，这二种方式得到的fingerprint不一致，在GMS认证时CTS测试会有一个fingerprint的测试fail项，我们只要对应此拼接的方式来修改对应的属性值，就可以把此Fail项解决。