观察者模式

观察者模式包含如下角色：

• Subject: 目标
• ConcreteSubject: 具体目标
• Observer: 观察者
• ConcreteObserver: 具体观察者

代码实现 用智能指针作为封装

obeserver.h

#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <list>

class Subject;

class Obeserver
{
public:
	Obeserver() {}
	virtual ~Obeserver() {}
	virtual void update(std::shared_ptr<Subject> sub) = 0;
	virtual void update(Subject* sub) = 0;
};

class ConcreteObeserver :public Obeserver
{
public:
	ConcreteObeserver(std::string name);
	virtual ~ConcreteObeserver();
	virtual void update(std::shared_ptr<Subject> sub);
	virtual void update(Subject* sub);

private:
	std::string _objName;
	int _obeserverState;
};

obeserver.cpp

#include "obeserver.h"
#include "subject.h"

ConcreteObeserver::ConcreteObeserver(std::string name) :_objName(name) {}

ConcreteObeserver::~ConcreteObeserver() {}

 void ConcreteObeserver::update(std::shared_ptr<Subject> sub)
{
	this->_obeserverState = sub.get()->getState();
	std::cout << "update oberserver[" << this->_objName << "] state:" << this->_obeserverState << std::endl;
}

void ConcreteObeserver::update(Subject* sub)
{
	this->_obeserverState = sub->getState();
	std::cout << "update oberserver[" << this->_objName << "] state:" << this->_obeserverState << std::endl;
}

subject.h

#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <list>


class  Obeserver;
class Subject
{
public:
	Subject() {}
	virtual ~Subject() {}
	std::shared_ptr<Obeserver> _obeserver;
	void attach(std::shared_ptr<Obeserver> pObeserver);
	void detach(std::shared_ptr<Obeserver> pObeserver);
	void notify();
	virtual int getState() = 0;
	virtual void setState(int i) = 0;
private:
	std::list<std::shared_ptr<Obeserver>> _listObj;
};



class ConcreteSubject :public Subject
{
public:
	ConcreteSubject():_State(0) {}
	virtual ~ConcreteSubject() {}

	virtual int getState()
	{
		return this->_State;
	}
	virtual void setState(int i)
	{
		this->_State = i;
	}
private:
	int _State;

};

subject.cpp

#include "subject.h"
#include "obeserver.h"
void Subject::attach(std::shared_ptr<Obeserver> pObeserver)
{
	this->_listObj.push_back(pObeserver);
}
 void Subject::detach(std::shared_ptr<Obeserver>pObserver)
{
	this->_listObj.remove(pObserver);
}

void Subject::notify()
{
	for (auto& obeserver : this->_listObj) {
		//obeserver->update(std::make_shared<Subject>(*this)); //发生切片 丢失了多态性
		obeserver->update(this);
	}
}

main.cpp

#include "obeserver.h"
#include "subject.h"


int main()

{
	std::shared_ptr<Subject> subject = std::make_shared<ConcreteSubject>();
	std::shared_ptr<Obeserver> objA = std::make_shared<ConcreteObeserver>("A");
	std::shared_ptr<Obeserver> objB = std::make_shared<ConcreteObeserver>("B");

	subject.get()->attach(objA);
	subject.get()->attach(objB);
	subject.get()->setState(2);
	subject.get()->notify();

	return 0;
}