使cmdline 支持 解析一个参数多个值

使cmdline 支持 解析一个参数多个值

cmdline是一个轻量级的c++命令行参数解析工具,全部源码只有一个cmdline.h头文件,使用起来非常方便,关于如何使用它,不是本文讨论的重点,本文讨论,如果修改该文件,使其支持记录一个参数的多个值

修改parser

parser中增加返回参数的个数

  template <class T>
  size_t count(const std::string &name)const{
    if (options.count(name)==0) throw cmdline_error("there is no flag: --"+name);
    const option_with_value<T> *p=dynamic_cast<const option_with_value<T>*>(options.find(name)->second);
    if (p==NULL) throw cmdline_error("type mismatch flag '"+name+"'");
    return p->count();
  }

修改 get 函数,增加索引获取指定的参数

  template <class T>
  const T &get(const std::string &name,size_t idx=0) const {
    if (options.count(name)==0) throw cmdline_error("there is no flag: --"+name);
    const option_with_value<T> *p=dynamic_cast<const option_with_value<T>*>(options.find(name)->second);
    if (p==NULL) throw cmdline_error("type mismatch flag '"+name+"'");
    return p->get(idx);
  }

修改option_with_value模板类

template <class T>
  class option_with_value : public option_base {
  public:
    option_with_value(const std::string &name,
                      char short_name,
                      bool need,
                      const T &def,
                      const std::string &desc)
      : nam(name), snam(short_name), need(need), has(false)
      , def(def){
        actuals.push_back(def);
      this->desc=full_description(desc);
    }
    ~option_with_value(){}

    const T &get(size_t idx) const {
      if(idx>=actuals.size()) throw cmdline::cmdline_error("index_outrange_error");
      tmp= actuals[idx];
      return tmp;
    }

    bool has_value() const { return true; }

    bool set(){
      return false;
    }

    bool set(const std::string &value){
      try{
        auto actual=read(value);
        if(!has){actuals.clear();}
        actuals.push_back(actual);
        has=true;
      }
      catch(const std::exception &){
        return false;
      }
      return true;
    }
    
    bool has_set() const{
      return has;
    }
    size_t count()const{return actuals.size();}
    bool valid() const{
      if (need && !has) return false;
      return true;
    }

    bool must() const{
      return need;
    }

    const std::string &name() const{
      return nam;
    }

    char short_name() const{
      return snam;
    }

    const std::string &description() const {
      return desc;
    }

    std::string short_description() const{
      return "--"+nam+"="+detail::readable_typename<T>();
    }

  protected:
    std::string full_description(const std::string &desc){
      return
        desc+" ("+detail::readable_typename<T>()+
        (need?"":" [="+detail::default_value<T>(def)+"]")
        +")";
    }

    virtual T read(const std::string &s)=0;

    std::string nam;
    char snam;
    bool need;
    std::string desc;

    bool has;
    T def;
    mutable  T tmp;
    std::vector<T> actuals;
  };

完整代码如下

/*
  Copyright (c) 2009, Hideyuki Tanaka
  All rights reserved.

  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  * Neither the name of the <organization> nor the
  names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products
  derived from this software without specific prior written permission.

  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY <copyright holder> ''AS IS'' AND ANY
  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
  WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
  DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL <copyright holder> BE LIABLE FOR ANY
  DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
  (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
  LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
  ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
  SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/

#pragma once

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#ifndef _MSC_VER
#include <cxxabi.h>
#endif
#include <cstdlib>

namespace cmdline{

namespace detail{

template <typename Target, typename Source, bool Same>
class lexical_cast_t{
public:
  static Target cast(const Source &arg){
    Target ret;
    std::stringstream ss;
    if (!(ss<<arg && ss>>ret && ss.eof()))
      throw std::bad_cast();
    
    return ret;
  }
};

template <typename Target, typename Source>
class lexical_cast_t<Target, Source, true>{
public:
  static Target cast(const Source &arg){
    return arg;
  }  
};

template <typename Source>
class lexical_cast_t<std::string, Source, false>{
public:
  static std::string cast(const Source &arg){
    std::ostringstream ss;
    ss<<arg;
    return ss.str();
  }
};

template <typename Target>
class lexical_cast_t<Target, std::string, false>{
public:
  static Target cast(const std::string &arg){
    Target ret;
    std::istringstream ss(arg);
    if (!(ss>>ret && ss.eof()))
      throw std::bad_cast();
    return ret;
  }
};

template <typename T1, typename T2>
struct is_same {
  static const bool value = false;
};

template <typename T>
struct is_same<T, T>{
  static const bool value = true;
};

template<typename Target, typename Source>
Target lexical_cast(const Source &arg)
{
  return lexical_cast_t<Target, Source, detail::is_same<Target, Source>::value>::cast(arg);
}

static inline std::string demangle(const std::string &name)
{
#ifdef _MSC_VER
  return name;
#elif defined(__GNUC__)
  int status=0;
  char *p=abi::__cxa_demangle(name.c_str(), 0, 0, &status);
  std::string ret(p);
  free(p);
  return ret;
#else
#error unexpected c complier (msvc/gcc)
#endif
}

template <class T>
std::string readable_typename()
{
  return demangle(typeid(T).name());
}

template <class T>
std::string default_value(T def)
{
  return detail::lexical_cast<std::string>(def);
}

template <>
inline std::string readable_typename<std::string>()
{
  return "string";
}

} // detail

//-----

class cmdline_error : public std::exception {
public:
  cmdline_error(const std::string &msg): msg(msg){}
  ~cmdline_error() throw() {}
  const char *what() const throw() { return msg.c_str(); }
private:
  std::string msg;
};

template <class T>
struct default_reader{
  T operator()(const std::string &str){
    return detail::lexical_cast<T>(str);
  }
};

template <class T>
struct range_reader{
  range_reader(const T &low, const T &high): low(low), high(high) {}
  T operator()(const std::string &s) const {
    T ret=default_reader<T>()(s);
    if (!(ret>=low && ret<=high)) throw cmdline::cmdline_error("range_error");
    return ret;
  }
private:
  T low, high;
};

template <class T>
range_reader<T> range(const T &low, const T &high)
{
  return range_reader<T>(low, high);
}

template <class T>
struct oneof_reader{
  T operator()(const std::string &s){
    T ret=default_reader<T>()(s);
    if (std::find(alt.begin(), alt.end(), ret)==alt.end())
      throw cmdline_error("");
    return ret;
  }
  void add(const T &v){ alt.push_back(v); }
private:
  std::vector<T> alt;
};

template <class T>
oneof_reader<T> oneof(T a1)
{
  oneof_reader<T> ret;
  ret.add(a1);
  return ret;
}

template <class T>
oneof_reader<T> oneof(T a1, T a2)
{
  oneof_reader<T> ret;
  ret.add(a1);
  ret.add(a2);
  return ret;
}

template <class T>
oneof_reader<T> oneof(T a1, T a2, T a3)
{
  oneof_reader<T> ret;
  ret.add(a1);
  ret.add(a2);
  ret.add(a3);
  return ret;
}

template <class T>
oneof_reader<T> oneof(T a1, T a2, T a3, T a4)
{
  oneof_reader<T> ret;
  ret.add(a1);
  ret.add(a2);
  ret.add(a3);
  ret.add(a4);
  return ret;
}

template <class T>
oneof_reader<T> oneof(T a1, T a2, T a3, T a4, T a5)
{
  oneof_reader<T> ret;
  ret.add(a1);
  ret.add(a2);
  ret.add(a3);
  ret.add(a4);
  ret.add(a5);
  return ret;
}

template <class T>
oneof_reader<T> oneof(T a1, T a2, T a3, T a4, T a5, T a6)
{
  oneof_reader<T> ret;
  ret.add(a1);
  ret.add(a2);
  ret.add(a3);
  ret.add(a4);
  ret.add(a5);
  ret.add(a6);
  return ret;
}

template <class T>
oneof_reader<T> oneof(T a1, T a2, T a3, T a4, T a5, T a6, T a7)
{
  oneof_reader<T> ret;
  ret.add(a1);
  ret.add(a2);
  ret.add(a3);
  ret.add(a4);
  ret.add(a5);
  ret.add(a6);
  ret.add(a7);
  return ret;
}

template <class T>
oneof_reader<T> oneof(T a1, T a2, T a3, T a4, T a5, T a6, T a7, T a8)
{
  oneof_reader<T> ret;
  ret.add(a1);
  ret.add(a2);
  ret.add(a3);
  ret.add(a4);
  ret.add(a5);
  ret.add(a6);
  ret.add(a7);
  ret.add(a8);
  return ret;
}

template <class T>
oneof_reader<T> oneof(T a1, T a2, T a3, T a4, T a5, T a6, T a7, T a8, T a9)
{
  oneof_reader<T> ret;
  ret.add(a1);
  ret.add(a2);
  ret.add(a3);
  ret.add(a4);
  ret.add(a5);
  ret.add(a6);
  ret.add(a7);
  ret.add(a8);
  ret.add(a9);
  return ret;
}

template <class T>
oneof_reader<T> oneof(T a1, T a2, T a3, T a4, T a5, T a6, T a7, T a8, T a9, T a10)
{
  oneof_reader<T> ret;
  ret.add(a1);
  ret.add(a2);
  ret.add(a3);
  ret.add(a4);
  ret.add(a5);
  ret.add(a6);
  ret.add(a7);
  ret.add(a8);
  ret.add(a9);
  ret.add(a10);
  return ret;
}

//-----

class parser{
public:
  parser(){
  }
  ~parser(){
    for (std::map<std::string, option_base*>::iterator p=options.begin();
         p!=options.end(); p++)
      delete p->second;
  }

  void add(const std::string &name,
           char short_name=0,
           const std::string &desc=""){
    if (options.count(name)) throw cmdline_error("multiple definition: "+name);
    options[name]=new option_without_value(name, short_name, desc);
    ordered.push_back(options[name]);
  }

  template <class T>
  void add(const std::string &name,
           char short_name=0,
           const std::string &desc="",
           bool need=true,
           const T def=T()){
    add(name, short_name, desc, need, def, default_reader<T>());
  }

  template <class T, class F>
  void add(const std::string &name,
           char short_name=0,
           const std::string &desc="",
           bool need=true,
           const T def=T(),
           F reader=F()){
    if (options.count(name)) throw cmdline_error("multiple definition: "+name);
    options[name]=new option_with_value_with_reader<T, F>(name, short_name, need, def, desc, reader);
    ordered.push_back(options[name]);
  }

  void footer(const std::string &f){
    ftr=f;
  }

  void set_program_name(const std::string &name){
    prog_name=name;
  }

  bool exist(const std::string &name) const {
    if (options.count(name)==0) throw cmdline_error("there is no flag: --"+name);
    return options.find(name)->second->has_set();
  }

  template <class T>
  size_t count(const std::string &name)const{
    if (options.count(name)==0) throw cmdline_error("there is no flag: --"+name);
    const option_with_value<T> *p=dynamic_cast<const option_with_value<T>*>(options.find(name)->second);
    if (p==NULL) throw cmdline_error("type mismatch flag '"+name+"'");
    return p->count();
  }
  template <class T>
  const T &get(const std::string &name,size_t idx=0) const {
    if (options.count(name)==0) throw cmdline_error("there is no flag: --"+name);
    const option_with_value<T> *p=dynamic_cast<const option_with_value<T>*>(options.find(name)->second);
    if (p==NULL) throw cmdline_error("type mismatch flag '"+name+"'");
    return p->get(idx);
  }

  const std::vector<std::string> &rest() const {
    return others;
  }

  bool parse(const std::string &arg){
    std::vector<std::string> args;

    std::string buf;
    bool in_quote=false;
    for (std::string::size_type i=0; i<arg.length(); i++){
      if (arg[i]=='\"'){
        in_quote=!in_quote;
        continue;
      }

      if (arg[i]==' ' && !in_quote){
        args.push_back(buf);
        buf="";
        continue;
      }

      if (arg[i]=='\\'){
        i++;
        if (i>=arg.length()){
          errors.push_back("unexpected occurrence of '\\' at end of string");
          return false;
        }
      }

      buf+=arg[i];
    }

    if (in_quote){
      errors.push_back("quote is not closed");
      return false;
    }

    if (buf.length()>0)
      args.push_back(buf);

    // for (size_t i=0; i<args.size(); i++)
    //   std::cout<<"\""<<args[i]<<"\""<<std::endl;

    return parse(args);
  }

  bool parse(const std::vector<std::string> &args){
    int argc=static_cast<int>(args.size());
    std::vector<const char*> argv(argc);

    for (int i=0; i<argc; i++)
      argv[i]=args[i].c_str();

    return parse(argc, &argv[0]);
  }

  bool parse(int argc, const char * const argv[]){
    errors.clear();
    others.clear();

    if (argc<1){
      errors.push_back("argument number must be longer than 0");
      return false;
    }
    if (prog_name=="")
      prog_name=argv[0];

    std::map<char, std::string> lookup;
    for (std::map<std::string, option_base*>::iterator p=options.begin();
         p!=options.end(); p++){
      if (p->first.length()==0) continue;
      char initial=p->second->short_name();
      if (initial){
        if (lookup.count(initial)>0){
          lookup[initial]="";
          errors.push_back(std::string("short option '")+initial+"' is ambiguous");
          return false;
        }
        else lookup[initial]=p->first;
      }
    }

    for (int i=1; i<argc; i++){
      if (strncmp(argv[i], "--", 2)==0){
        const char *p=strchr(argv[i]+2, '=');
        if (p){
          std::string name(argv[i]+2, p);
          std::string val(p+1);
          set_option(name, val);
        }
        else{
          std::string name(argv[i]+2);
          if (options.count(name)==0){
            errors.push_back("undefined option: --"+name);
            continue;
          }
          if (options[name]->has_value()){
            if (i+1>=argc){
              errors.push_back("option needs value: --"+name);
              continue;
            }
            else{
              i++;
              set_option(name, argv[i]);
            }
          }
          else{
            set_option(name);
          }
        }
      }
      else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-", 1)==0){
        if (!argv[i][1]) continue;
        char last=argv[i][1];
        for (int j=2; argv[i][j]; j++){
          last=argv[i][j];
          if (lookup.count(argv[i][j-1])==0){
            errors.push_back(std::string("undefined short option: -")+argv[i][j-1]);
            continue;
          }
          if (lookup[argv[i][j-1]]==""){
            errors.push_back(std::string("ambiguous short option: -")+argv[i][j-1]);
            continue;
          }
          set_option(lookup[argv[i][j-1]]);
        }

        if (lookup.count(last)==0){
          errors.push_back(std::string("undefined short option: -")+last);
          continue;
        }
        if (lookup[last]==""){
          errors.push_back(std::string("ambiguous short option: -")+last);
          continue;
        }

        if (i+1<argc && options[lookup[last]]->has_value()){
          set_option(lookup[last], argv[i+1]);
          i++;
        }
        else{
          set_option(lookup[last]);
        }
      }
      else{
        others.push_back(argv[i]);
      }
    }

    for (std::map<std::string, option_base*>::iterator p=options.begin();
         p!=options.end(); p++)
      if (!p->second->valid())
        errors.push_back("need option: --"+std::string(p->first));

    return errors.size()==0;
  }

  void parse_check(const std::string &arg){
    if (!options.count("help"))
      add("help", '?', "print this message");
    check(0, parse(arg));
  }

  void parse_check(const std::vector<std::string> &args){
    if (!options.count("help"))
      add("help", '?', "print this message");
    check(int(args.size()), parse(args));
  }

  void parse_check(int argc, char *argv[]){
    if (!options.count("help"))
      add("help", '?', "print this message");
    check(argc, parse(argc, argv));
  }

  std::string error() const{
    return errors.size()>0?errors[0]:"";
  }

  std::string error_full() const{
    std::ostringstream oss;
    for (size_t i=0; i<errors.size(); i++)
      oss<<errors[i]<<std::endl;
    return oss.str();
  }

  std::string usage() const {
    std::ostringstream oss;
    oss<<"usage: "<<prog_name<<" ";
    for (size_t i=0; i<ordered.size(); i++){
      if (ordered[i]->must())
        oss<<ordered[i]->short_description()<<" ";
    }
    
    oss<<"[options] ... "<<ftr<<std::endl;
    oss<<"options:"<<std::endl;

    size_t max_width=0;
    for (size_t i=0; i<ordered.size(); i++){
      max_width=(std::max)(max_width, ordered[i]->name().length());
    }
    for (size_t i=0; i<ordered.size(); i++){
      if (ordered[i]->short_name()){
        oss<<"  -"<<ordered[i]->short_name()<<", ";
      }
      else{
        oss<<"      ";
      }

      oss<<"--"<<ordered[i]->name();
      for (size_t j=ordered[i]->name().length(); j<max_width+4; j++)
        oss<<' ';
      oss<<ordered[i]->description()<<std::endl;
    }
    return oss.str();
  }

private:

  void check(int argc, bool ok){
    if ((argc==1 && !ok) || exist("help")){
      std::cerr<<usage();
      exit(0);
    }

    if (!ok){
      std::cerr<<error()<<std::endl<<usage();
      exit(1);
    }
  }

  void set_option(const std::string &name){
    if (options.count(name)==0){
      errors.push_back("undefined option: --"+name);
      return;
    }
    if (!options[name]->set()){
      errors.push_back("option needs value: --"+name);
      return;
    }
  }

  void set_option(const std::string &name, const std::string &value){
    if (options.count(name)==0){
      errors.push_back("undefined option: --"+name);
      return;
    }
    if (!options[name]->set(value)){
      errors.push_back("option value is invalid: --"+name+"="+value);
      return;
    }
  }

  class option_base{
  public:
    virtual ~option_base(){}

    virtual bool has_value() const=0;
    virtual bool set()=0;
    virtual bool set(const std::string &value)=0;
    virtual bool has_set() const=0;
    virtual bool valid() const=0;
    virtual bool must() const=0;

    virtual const std::string &name() const=0;
    virtual char short_name() const=0;
    virtual const std::string &description() const=0;
    virtual std::string short_description() const=0;
  };

  class option_without_value : public option_base {
  public:
    option_without_value(const std::string &name,
                         char short_name,
                         const std::string &desc)
      :nam(name), snam(short_name), desc(desc), has(false){
    }
    ~option_without_value(){}

    bool has_value() const { return false; }

    bool set(){
      has=true;
      return true;
    }

    bool set(const std::string &){
      return false;
    }

    bool has_set() const {
      return has;
    }

    bool valid() const{
      return true;
    }

    bool must() const{
      return false;
    }

    const std::string &name() const{
      return nam;
    }

    char short_name() const{
      return snam;
    }

    const std::string &description() const {
      return desc;
    }

    std::string short_description() const{
      return "--"+nam;
    }

  private:
    std::string nam;
    char snam;
    std::string desc;
    bool has;
  };

  template <class T>
  class option_with_value : public option_base {
  public:
    option_with_value(const std::string &name,
                      char short_name,
                      bool need,
                      const T &def,
                      const std::string &desc)
      : nam(name), snam(short_name), need(need), has(false)
      , def(def){
        actuals.push_back(def);
      this->desc=full_description(desc);
    }
    ~option_with_value(){}

    const T &get(size_t idx) const {
      if(idx>=actuals.size()) throw cmdline::cmdline_error("index_outrange_error");
      tmp= actuals[idx];
      return tmp;
    }

    bool has_value() const { return true; }

    bool set(){
      return false;
    }

    bool set(const std::string &value){
      try{
        auto actual=read(value);
        if(!has){actuals.clear();}
        actuals.push_back(actual);
        has=true;
      }
      catch(const std::exception &){
        return false;
      }
      return true;
    }
    
    bool has_set() const{
      return has;
    }
    size_t count()const{return actuals.size();}
    bool valid() const{
      if (need && !has) return false;
      return true;
    }

    bool must() const{
      return need;
    }

    const std::string &name() const{
      return nam;
    }

    char short_name() const{
      return snam;
    }

    const std::string &description() const {
      return desc;
    }

    std::string short_description() const{
      return "--"+nam+"="+detail::readable_typename<T>();
    }

  protected:
    std::string full_description(const std::string &desc){
      return
        desc+" ("+detail::readable_typename<T>()+
        (need?"":" [="+detail::default_value<T>(def)+"]")
        +")";
    }

    virtual T read(const std::string &s)=0;

    std::string nam;
    char snam;
    bool need;
    std::string desc;

    bool has;
    T def;
    mutable  T tmp;
    std::vector<T> actuals;
  };

  template <class T, class F>
  class option_with_value_with_reader : public option_with_value<T> {
  public:
    option_with_value_with_reader(const std::string &name,
                                  char short_name,
                                  bool need,
                                  const T def,
                                  const std::string &desc,
                                  F reader)
      : option_with_value<T>(name, short_name, need, def, desc), reader(reader){
    }

  private:
    T read(const std::string &s){
      return reader(s);
    }

    F reader;
  };

  std::map<std::string, option_base*> options;
  std::vector<option_base*> ordered;
  std::string ftr;

  std::string prog_name;
  std::vector<std::string> others;

  std::vector<std::string> errors;
};

} // cmdline


// include cmdline.h
//#include "cmdline.h"
/*
static int main_example(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  // create a parser
  cmdline::parser a;

  // add specified type of variable.
  // 1st argument is long name
  // 2nd argument is short name (no short name if '\0' specified)
  // 3rd argument is description
  // 4th argument is mandatory (optional. default is false)
  // 5th argument is default value  (optional. it used when mandatory is false)
  a.add<std::string>("host", 'h', "host name", true, "");

  // 6th argument is extra constraint.
  // Here, port number must be 1 to 65535 by cmdline::range().
  a.add<int>("port", 'p', "port number", false, 80, cmdline::range(1, 65535));

  // cmdline::oneof() can restrict options.
  a.add<std::string>("type", 't', "protocol type", false, "http", cmdline::oneof<string>("http", "https", "ssh", "ftp"));

  // Boolean flags also can be defined.
  // Call add method without a type parameter.
  a.add("gzip", '\0', "gzip when transfer");

  // Run parser.
  // It returns only if command line arguments are valid.
  // If arguments are invalid, a parser output error msgs then exit program.
  // If help flag ('--help' or '-?') is specified, a parser output usage message then exit program.
  a.parse_check(argc, argv);

  // use flag values
  std::cout << a.get<std::string>("type") << "://"
       << a.get<std::string>("host") << ":"
       << a.get<int>("port") << std::endl;

  // boolean flags are referred by calling exist() method.
  if (a.exist("gzip")) std::cout << "gzip" << std::endl;
}
*/
/*
$ ./test
usage: ./test --host=string [options] ...
options:
  -h, --host    host name (string)
  -p, --port    port number (int [=80])
  -t, --type    protocol type (string [=http])
      --gzip    gzip when transfer
  -?, --help    print this message
$ ./test -?
usage: ./test --host=string [options] ...
options:
  -h, --host    host name (string)
  -p, --port    port number (int [=80])
  -t, --type    protocol type (string [=http])
     --gzip    gzip when transfer
  -?, --help    print this message
$ ./test --host=github.com
http://github.com:80
$ ./test --host=github.com -t ftp
ftp://github.com:80
$ ./test --host=github.com -t ttp
option value is invalid: --type=ttp
usage: ./test --host=string [options] ...
options:
  -h, --host    host name (string)
  -p, --port    port number (int [=80])
  -t, --type    protocol type (string [=http])
      --gzip    gzip when transfer
  -?, --help    print this message
$ ./test --host=github.com -p 4545
http://github.com:4545
$ ./test --host=github.com -p 100000
option value is invalid: --port=100000
usage: ./test --host=string [options] ...
options:
  -h, --host    host name (string)
  -p, --port    port number (int [=80])
  -t, --type    protocol type (string [=http])
      --gzip    gzip when transfer
  -?, --help    print this message
$ ./test --host=github.com --gzip
http://github.com:80
gzip
for (int i = 0; i < a.rest().size(); i++)
  cout << a.rest()[i] << endl\;
...
a.footer("filename ...");
...
$ ./test
usage: ./test --host=string [options] ... filename ...
options:
  -h, --host    host name (string)
  -p, --port    port number (int [=80])
  -t, --type    protocol type (string [=http])
      --gzip    gzip when transfer
  -?, --help    print this message
  */

cmdline 源项目

https://github.com/tanakh/cmdline/blob/master/cmdline.h

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