android编程中,application这样的名词似乎变得那样的不常见,而让大家更为熟悉的是activity、intent、provider、broadcast和service。但其实android中的application也有着它自身的用处。
打开manifest文件,会看到有一个application配置标签,这就是有关application的使用了。那究竟application有什么用处呢?来看看SDK中是如何描述的:
Base class for those who need to maintain global application state. You can provide your own implementation by specifying its name in your AndroidManifest.xml's < application> tag, which will cause that class to be instantiated for you when the process for your application/package is created.
就是说application是用来保存全局变量的,并且是在package创建的时候就跟着存在了。所以当我们需要创建全局变量的时候,不需要再像 j2se那样需要创建public权限的static变量,而直接在application中去实现。只需要调用Context的 getApplicationContext或者Activity的getApplication方法来获得一个application对象,再做出相应的处理。
Main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btn" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Button" /> </LinearLayout>
second.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <TextView android:id="@+id/tv" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="second" /> </LinearLayout>
Se.java
package com.action;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class Se extends Activity {
private TextView tv;
private MyApplication myApplication;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.second);
myApplication = (MyApplication) getApplicationContext();
tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
tv.setText(myApplication.getName());
}
}
创建MyApplication类别继承Application
MyApplication.java
package com.action;
import android.app.Application;
public class MyApplication extends Application {
private String name;
private String age;
private String sex;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
}
Main.java
package com.action;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
public class Main extends Activity {
MyApplication myApplication;
private Button btn;
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
myApplication = (MyApplication) getApplicationContext();
myApplication.setName("xingqiba");
myApplication.setAge("22");
myApplication.setSex("男");
btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);
btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setClass(Main.this, Se.class);
startActivity(intent);
}
});
}
}
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.action" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0"> <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name" android:name=".MyApplication"> <activity android:name=".Main" android:label="@string/app_name"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <activity android:name=".Se" /> </application> </manifest>
一定要记得在AndroidManifest文件里配置Application