p2p，IP多播理清思路写程序



p2p网络中的节点只要能获得对方的ip地址和端口号就能发出通信请求，实现发现服务一般有两种方法：一是简单的显示点到点的配置，另一种是每个节点都维护其它一些节点的ip和端口目录，节点可以通过搜索这些目录去发现理想的节点。p2p网络中可以使用ip多播进行节点发现。发现角色分为发送端和接收端。

发送端：主要过程为DatagramPacket类建立数据报，再用MulticastSocket类将其发送出去

（1）建立框架

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

package NetPackage;

public class Sender

 {

     public static void main(String[] args)

     {

     }
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

（2）建立DatagramPacket对象

DatagramPacket datagramPacket=new DatagramPacket(byte[] buf, int length, InertAddressaddress, int port);

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

package NetPackage;

public class Sender

 {

     public static void main(String[] args)

     {

            DatagramPacket datagramPacket=new DatagramPacket(buf,length,address,port);
     }
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

（3）建立MulticastSocket对象，把数据报datagramPacket发送出去

MulticastSocket muLticastSocket=new MulticastSocket();

multicastSocket.send(datagramPacket);

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

package NetPackage;

public class Sender

 {

     public static void main(String[] args)

     {

            DatagramPacket datagramPacket=new DatagramPacket(buf,length,address,port);

            MulticastSocket muLticastSocket=new MulticastSocket();

            multicastSocket.send(datagramPacket);
     }
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

（4）完善参数定义

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

package NetPackage;

public class Sender

 {

     public static void main(String[] args)

     {

            byte[] buf=new byte[] {'H','e','l','l','o'};

            InetAddress inetAddress=InetAddress.getByName("230.0.0.1");

            DatagramPacket datagramPacket=new DatagramPacket(buf,buf.length,inetAddress,7777);

            MulticastSocket muLticastSocket=new MulticastSocket();

            multicastSocket.send(datagramPacket);
     }
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(5)完善包的导入和异常处理

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

package NetPackage;

import java.net.*;

public class Sender

 {

     public static void main(String[] args)

     {

            try

            {

                  byte[] buf=new byte[] {'H','e','l','l','o'};

                  InetAddress inetAddress=InetAddress.getByName("230.0.0.1");

                  DatagramPacket datagramPacket=new DatagramPacket(buf,buf.length,inetAddress,7777);

                  MulticastSocket muLticastSocket=new MulticastSocket();

                  multicastSocket.send(datagramPacket);

            }

           catch(Exception e)

                  {

                         e.printStackTrace();                    

                 }

     }
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

由于多播地址必须选用D类地址，因此选用类230.0.0.1，端口号选择类1024~65535间的7777。

接收端:MuticastSocket.joinGroup(...)加入多播组的方式获得消息

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

package NetPackage;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.MulticastSocket;

public class Receiver

 {
 public static void main(String[] arstring)

 {
  try

  {
       MulticastSocket multicastSocket = new MulticastSocket(7777);
       InetAddress inetAddress = InetAddress.getByName("230.0.0.1");
       multicastSocket.joinGroup(inetAddress);
   
       while (true)

       {
            byte[] arb = new byte[100];
            DatagramPacket datagramPacket = new DatagramPacket(arb,arb.length);
            multicastSocket.receive(datagramPacket);
            System.out.println(new String(arb));
       }
  }

  catch (Exception exception)

          {
               exception.printStackTrace();
          }
  }
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------