linux系统监控(六)--- vmstat 详解

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-18 18:31:24 发布

千年的塔

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-18 18:31:24 发布

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分类专栏： linux/unix 文章标签：系统监控 linux statistics delay 磁盘 cache

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/hittata/article/details/7630362

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vmstat
- Report virtual memory statistics

SYNOPSIS
vmstat [-a] [-n] [delay [ count]]
vmstat [-f] [-s] [-m]
vmstat [-S unit]
vmstat [-d]
vmstat [-p disk partition]
vmstat [-V]
usage: vmstat [-V] [-n] [delay [count]]
-V prints version.
-n causes the headers not to be reprinted regularly.
-a print inactive/active page stats.
-d prints disk statistics
-D prints disk table
-p prints disk partition statistics
-s prints vm table
-m prints slabinfo
-S unit size
delay is the delay between updates in seconds.
unit size k:1000 K:1024 m:1000000 M:1048576 (default is K)
count is the number of updates.
#####################################################################################
use:
1.vmstat 显示一次

2.vmstat -a 显示active/inactive memory 而不是buffer cache

3.vmstat 2 3 最常用，每隔2s,连续显示3次

4.vmstat -f 显示启动以来fork进程的数量

5.vmstat -s = =cat /proc/meminfo 显示内存信息

6.vmstat -m displays slabinfo

7.vmstat -p /dev/sda2 显示分区读写情况

8.vmstat -S m/M k/K 安装选择单位显示

具体看man vmstat
####################################################################################################
Options
The -a switch displays active/inactive memory, given a 2.5.41 kernel or better.

The -f switch displays the number of forks since boot. This includes the fork, vfork, and clone system calls, and is
equivalent to the total number of tasks created. Each process is represented by one or more tasks, depending on thread
usage. This display does not repeat.

The -m displays slabinfo.

The -n switch causes the header to be displayed only once rather than periodically.

The -s switch displays a table of various event counters and memory statistics. This display does not repeat.

delay is the delay between updates in seconds. If no delay is specified, only one report is printed with the average
values since boot.

count is the number of updates. If no count is specified and delay is defined, count defaults to infinity.

The -d reports disk statistics (2.5.70 or above required)

The -p followed by some partition name for detailed statistics (2.5.70 or above required)

The -S followed by k or K or m or M switches outputs between 1000, 1024, 1000000, or 1048576 bytes

The -V switch results in displaying version information.

####################################################################
FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR VM MODE
Procs
r: The number of processes waiting for run time.
b: The number of processes in uninterruptible sleep.

Memory
swpd: the amount of virtual memory used.
free: the amount of idle memory.
buff: the amount of memory used as buffers.
cache: the amount of memory used as cache.
inact: the amount of inactive memory. (-a option)
active: the amount of active memory. (-a option)

Swap
si: Amount of memory swapped in from disk (/s).
so: Amount of memory swapped to disk (/s).

IO
bi: Blocks received from a block device (blocks/s).
bo: Blocks sent to a block device (blocks/s).

System
in: The number of interrupts per second, including the clock.

cs: The number of context switches per second.

vmstat是一个很全面的性能分析工具，可以观察到系统的进程状态、内存使用、虚拟内存使用、磁盘的IO、中断、上下问切换、CPU使用等。系统性能分析工具中，我使用最多的是这个，除了 sysstat 工具包外，这个工具能查看的系统资源最多。

对于 Linux 的性能分析，100%理解 vmstat 输出内容的含义，那你对系统性能分析的能力就算是基本掌握了。

我这里主要说明一下这个命令显示出的部分数据代表的含义，和它反映出系统相关资源的状况。输出内容共有 6 类，分别说明如下

[kontrollbase@mysql1 ~]$ vmstat

procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io------system-- -----cpu------

r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st

0 0 208 29320 135884 516580 0 0 9 91 63 59 3 294 0 0

•Procs

–r:

运行的和等待(CPU时间片)运行的进程数，这个值也可以判断是否需要增加CPU(长期大于1)

–b: