elasticsearch restful API

基本状态管理

1. 查看集群

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/health?v&pretty"

2. 查看节点

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/nodes?v&pretty"

3. 查看索引

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v&pretty"

增删改操作

4. 创建索引
   customer为索引名称

curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/customer?pretty&pretty"
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v&pretty"

5. 创建文档
   文档名称为doc，id为1，文档内容通过-d选项指定

curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/customer/doc/1?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "name": "John Doe"
}
'

6. 查询文档内容
   通过指定的文档名称=doc和id=1查询指定文档

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/customer/doc/1?pretty&pretty"

7. 删除文档
   通过指定的文档名称=doc和id=1删除指定文档

curl -X DELETE "localhost:9200/customer/doc/1?pretty&pretty"

8. 删除索引
   customer为索引名称

curl -X DELETE "localhost:9200/customer?pretty&pretty"

9. 修改文档内容
   通过指定的文档名称=doc和id=1修改文档内容，这里修改了键name对应的value

curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/customer?pretty"
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/customer/doc/1?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "name": "Tim Doe"
}
'

也可以在文档内插入新的key-value，使用_update

curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/doc/1/_update?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "doc": { "name": "Jane Doe", "age": 20 }
}
'

通过ctx修改文档内容，使用_update，修改age对应的值，_source表示文档内容

curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/doc/1/_update?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "script" : "ctx._source.age += 5"
}
'

10. 批处理
    使用_bulk API实现增删改的批处理,下例为更新id为1的文档name字段的值，删除id为2的文档

curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/doc/_bulk?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{"update":{"_id":"1"}}
{"doc": { "name": "John Doe becomes Jane Doe" } }
{"delete":{"_id":"2"}}
'

数据查询

1. 从json导入数据集到文档
   导入文档名称accouts.json, 导入索引bank，文档accout，使用_bulk API，导入时如果索引或者文档不存在则创建相应的索引和文档

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST 'localhost:9200/bank/account/_bulk?pretty&refresh' --data-binary "@accounts.json"

2. match_all
   使用_search API进行搜索，需要指定搜索的索引，query键指定搜索条件，match_all代表无条件匹配，sort指定输出排序方式，注意，elasticsearch不会存储搜索结果，是无状态的

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match_all": {} },
  "sort": [
    { "account_number": "asc" }
  ]
}
'

指定搜索的范围，使用from和size

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match_all": {} },
  "from": 10,
  "size": 10
}
'

使用sort指定按某个键(这里是banlance)进行排序，order指定是升序(asc)还是降序(desc)

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match_all": {} },
  "sort": { "balance": { "order": "desc" } }
}
'

过滤字段，_source指定需要输出的字段

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match_all": {} },
  "_source": ["account_number", "balance"]
}
'

3. match
   match指定搜索条件，这里是搜索account_number为20的record

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match": { "account_number": 20 } }
}
'

这里的搜索条件是包含，即address需要包含mill或者lane的record

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match": { "address": "mill lane" } }
}
'

4. bool
   使用must指定多个查询条件(每个查询条件使用must)，返回满足所有查询条件的record

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        { "match": { "address": "mill" } },
        { "match": { "address": "lane" } }
      ]
    }
  }
}
'

使用should返回至少满足一个搜索条件的记录

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        { "match": { "address": "mill" } },
        { "match": { "address": "lane" } }
      ]
    }
  }
}
'

使用must_not指定同时不满足查询条件的查询结果

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must_not": [
        { "match": { "address": "mill" } },
        { "match": { "address": "lane" } }
      ]
    }
  }
}
'

5. filter
   使用filter指定过滤条件，如range指定过滤条件的范围

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": { "match_all": {} },
      "filter": {
        "range": {
          "balance": {
            "gte": 20000,
            "lte": 30000
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
'

6. 分组
   使用aggs进行信息聚合处理，group_by_state指定分组的keyword，下例按照年龄进行分组，并在每个组中按性别再次分组，计算每个年龄段男女的平均薪水，aggs应该作为group_by_key的value

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "group_by_age": {
      "range": {
        "field": "age",
        "ranges": [
          {
            "from": 20,
            "to": 30
          },
          {
            "from": 30,
            "to": 40
          },
          {
            "from": 40,
            "to": 50
          }
        ]
      },
      "aggs": {
        "group_by_gender": {
          "terms": {
            "field": "gender.keyword"
          },
          "aggs": {
            "average_balance": {
              "avg": {
                "field": "balance"
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
'