python对象与C指针对象的转换问题

    通过python的ctypes模块调用C函数，常常需要用到用户指针数据指针。如通过python调用Win32 API生成窗口时使用的窗口流程就是一个实例，本文通过这个实例说明如何在python对象和C语言中的指针对象进行相互转换问题。

   1、python对象转换为C指针对象

    当Python调用SetWindowLong绑定一个Python对象为用户数据时，我们可以如此调用：

   from ctypes import *

  SetWindowLong= windll.user32.SetWindowLongA
  SetWindowLong.restype = c_void_p
  SetWindowLong.argtypes = [c_int, c_int, py_object]

  CreateWindowEx = windll.user32.CreateWindowExA
  CreateWindowEx.argtypes = [c_int,c_char_p,c_char_p,c_int,c_int,c_int,c_int,c_int,c_int,c_int,c_int,c_int]
  CreateWindowEx.restype = InvalidHandle
  pyObject = py_object(aQWidget)  # 转换一个已有的QtWidget对象为pyObject对象，相当于void*指针

  hWnd = CreateWindowEx(dwExStyle,szClassName,szWndName,dwStyle,x,y,cx,cy,hWndParent,hMenu,hInstance,0)

  SetWindowLong(hWnd,GWL_USERDATA,pyObject )                                                            # 绑定用户数据为void*指针

  SetWindowLongPtr(hWnd,GWL_WNDPROC,s_globalWndProcEntryInstance)             # Hook窗口流程

   2、C指针对象转换为Python对象

     当静态窗口流程派发到对象窗口流程时，需要转换void*指针为python对象，我们可以如此调用：

def globalWndProcEntry(hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam):
  '''全局窗口流程入口'''
  # 尝试得到窗口绑定的用户数据
  pUserData = GetWindowLongPtr(c_int(hWnd),GWL_USERDATA)
  if not pUserData:
    if nMsg in (WM_NCCREATE,WM_CREATE):
      CreateStruct = cast(lParam, POINTER(CREATESTRUCT)).contents
      pUserData = CreateStruct.lpCreateParams
      SetWindowLongPtr(c_int(hWnd),GWL_USERDATA,pUserData)
      aWindow = cast(pUserData,py_object).value
      if hasattr(aWindow,"m_hWnd"):
         aWindow.m_hWnd = hWnd
  # 处理窗口流程
  if pUserData:
    aWindow = cast(pUserData,py_object).value
    if hasattr(aWindow,"WndProc"):
      return aWindow.WndProc(hWnd, nMsg, wParam,lParam)
    else:
      return DefWindowProc(hWnd,nMsg,wParam,lParam)
  else:
    return DefWindowProc(hWnd,nMsg,wParam,lParam)

s_globalWndProcEntryInstance = WNDPROC(globalWndProcEntry)