Python游戏编程入门第二课

首先确保你的电脑上已经安装了python3.x以上的python环境，并且安装有pycharm和pygame库（pygame直接windows键+r键，cmd，输入pip install pygame即可），如果这些都装完了，就开始。

        python是一种解释型语言，变量可以先是数字，然后赋值为字符串。

如果你想把数字转变为字符串，可以用str（）函数，其它转换为int或flote也是类似，具体使用演示如下。

print（）函数用于向屏幕输出，不同的类型用逗号隔开就可以一同输出。

open（）用于打开文件。

写入用write（）函数，模式和上图类似。

读取用read（）可以在括号里传入具体读入字符数，readline（）、readlines（）读取一行、多行。

trivia_data.txt中的内容

What is the name of the 4th planet from the Sun?
Saturn
Mars
Earth
Venus
2
Which planet has the most moons in the solar system?
Uranus
Saturn
Neptune
Jupiter
4
Approximately how large is the Sun's diameter (width)?
65 thousand miles
45 million miles
1 million miles
825 thousand miles
3
How far is the Earth from the Sun in its orbit (on average)?
13 million miles
93 million miles
250 thousand miles
800 thousand miles
2
What causes the Earth's oceans to have tides?
The Moon
The Sun
Earth's molten core
Oxygen
1

代码

# The Trivia Game
# Chapter 3
#导入需要的库
import sys, pygame
from pygame.locals import *

class Trivia(object):#参数object3.x后可以不添加
    def __init__(self, filename):#构造函数
        self.data = []
        self.current = 0
        self.total = 0
        self.correct = 0
        self.score = 0
        self.scored = False
        self.failed = False
        self.wronganswer = 0
        self.colors = [white,white,white,white]

        #read trivia data from file
        f = open(filename, "r")
        trivia_data = f.readlines()
        f.close()

        #count and clean up trivia data
        for text_line in trivia_data:
            self.data.append(text_line.strip())
            self.total += 1

    def show_question(self):
        print_text(font1, 210, 5, "TRIVIA GAME")
        print_text(font2, 190, 500-20, "Press Keys (1-4) To Answer", purple)
        print_text(font2, 530, 5, "SCORE", purple)
        print_text(font2, 550, 25, str(self.score), purple)

        #get correct answer out of data (first)
        self.correct = int(self.data[self.current+5])

        #display question
        question = self.current // 6 + 1
        print_text(font1, 5, 80, "QUESTION " + str(question))
        print_text(font2, 20, 120, self.data[self.current], yellow)

        #respond to correct answer
        if self.scored:
            self.colors = [white,white,white,white]
            self.colors[self.correct-1] = green
            print_text(font1, 230, 380, "CORRECT!", green)
            print_text(font2, 170, 420, "Press Enter For Next Question", green)
        elif self.failed:
            self.colors = [white,white,white,white]
            self.colors[self.wronganswer-1] = red
            self.colors[self.correct-1] = green
            print_text(font1, 220, 380, "INCORRECT!", red)
            print_text(font2, 170, 420, "Press Enter For Next Question", red)

        #display answers
        print_text(font1, 5, 170, "ANSWERS")
        print_text(font2, 20, 210, "1 - " + self.data[self.current+1], self.colors[0])
        print_text(font2, 20, 240, "2 - " + self.data[self.current+2], self.colors[1])
        print_text(font2, 20, 270, "3 - " + self.data[self.current+3], self.colors[2])
        print_text(font2, 20, 300, "4 - " + self.data[self.current+4], self.colors[3])

    def handle_input(self,number):
        if not self.scored and not self.failed:
            if number == self.correct:
                self.scored = True
                self.score += 1
            else:
                self.failed = True
                self.wronganswer = number

    def next_question(self):
        if self.scored or self.failed:
            self.scored = False
            self.failed = False
            self.correct = 0
            self.colors = [white,white,white,white]
            self.current += 6
            if self.current >= self.total:
                self.current = 0


def print_text(font, x, y, text, color=(255,255,255), shadow=True):
    if shadow:
        imgText = font.render(text, True, (0,0,0))
        screen.blit(imgText, (x-2,y-2))
    imgText = font.render(text, True, color)
    screen.blit(imgText, (x,y))
    

#main program begins
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((600,500))
pygame.display.set_caption("The Trivia Game")
font1 = pygame.font.Font(None, 40)
font2 = pygame.font.Font(None, 24)
white = 255,255,255
cyan = 0,255,255
yellow = 255,255,0
purple = 255,0,255
green = 0,255,0
red = 255,0,0

#load the trivia data file
trivia = Trivia("trivia_data.txt")

#repeating loop
while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == QUIT:
            sys.exit()
        elif event.type == KEYUP:
            if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
                sys.exit()
            elif event.key == pygame.K_1:
                trivia.handle_input(1)
            elif event.key == pygame.K_2:
                trivia.handle_input(2)
            elif event.key == pygame.K_3:
                trivia.handle_input(3)
            elif event.key == pygame.K_4:
                trivia.handle_input(4)
            elif event.key == pygame.K_RETURN:
                trivia.next_question()

    #clear the screen
    screen.fill((0,0,200))

    #display trivia data
    trivia.show_question()
    
    #update the display
    pygame.display.update()
    

运行结果如上图，代码部分有注释，核心流程就是读取一部分文件，显示，然后根据输入的1、2、3、4判断对错，统计得分，然后继续游戏。

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