SD Configuration and Setup

原文链接地址：http://omappedia.org/wiki/Minimal-FS_SD_Configuration

有两种方法格式化sd卡：

一：使用脚本：

1：找到主机上你的SD卡设备名

sudo fdisk -ls 	

2：以下是脚本源码：链接地址：http://git.openembedded.org/openembedded/tree/contrib/angstrom/omap3-mkcard.sh

#! /bin/sh
# mkcard.sh v0.5
# (c) Copyright 2009 Graeme Gregory <dp@xora.org.uk>
# Licensed under terms of GPLv2
#
# Parts of the procudure base on the work of Denys Dmytriyenko
# http://wiki.omap.com/index.php/MMC_Boot_Format

export LC_ALL=C

if [ $# -ne 1 ]; then
	echo "Usage: $0 <drive>"
	exit 1;
fi

DRIVE=$1

dd if=/dev/zero of=$DRIVE bs=1024 count=1024

SIZE=`fdisk -l $DRIVE | grep Disk | grep bytes | awk '{print $5}'`

echo DISK SIZE - $SIZE bytes

CYLINDERS=`echo $SIZE/255/63/512 | bc`

echo CYLINDERS - $CYLINDERS

{
echo ,9,0x0C,*
echo ,,,-
} | sfdisk -D -H 255 -S 63 -C $CYLINDERS $DRIVE

sleep 1


if [ -x `which kpartx` ]; then
	kpartx -a ${DRIVE}
fi

# handle various device names.
# note something like fdisk -l /dev/loop0 | egrep -E '^/dev' | cut -d' ' -f1
# won't work due to https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=649572

PARTITION1=${DRIVE}1
if [ ! -b ${PARTITION1} ]; then
	PARTITION1=${DRIVE}p1
fi

DRIVE_NAME=`basename $DRIVE`
DEV_DIR=`dirname $DRIVE`

if [ ! -b ${PARTITION1} ]; then
	PARTITION1=$DEV_DIR/mapper/${DRIVE_NAME}p1
fi

PARTITION2=${DRIVE}2
if [ ! -b ${PARTITION2} ]; then
	PARTITION2=${DRIVE}p2
fi
if [ ! -b ${PARTITION2} ]; then
	PARTITION2=$DEV_DIR/mapper/${DRIVE_NAME}p2
fi


# now make partitions.
if [ -b ${PARTITION1} ]; then
	umount ${PARTITION1}
	mkfs.vfat -F 32 -n "boot" ${PARTITION1}
else
	echo "Cant find boot partition in /dev"
fi

if [ -b ${PARITION2} ]; then
	umount ${PARTITION2}
	mke2fs -j -L "Angstrom" ${PARTITION2}
else
	echo "Cant find rootfs partition in /dev"
fi

3：格式化SD卡分区

sudo ./omap3-mkcard.sh /dev/sd<x>

4:为SD卡分区之后挂载SD分区到主机：

mkdir /tmp/mmc1
mkdir /tmp/mmc2
sudo mount /dev/sdx1 /tmp/mmc1
sudo mount /dev/sdx2 /tmp/mmc2

二 ：一步一步命令格式SD卡分区，假如/dev/sdc是我们的设备名：

1：查sd卡分区

sudo fdisk /dev/sdc
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 1018 MB, 993001472 bytes
...<more>...

2：删除存在的分区：

Command (m for help):  d
Partition number (1-4): 1
Command (m for help):  d
Partition number (1-4): 2

3：配置SD卡：

Command (m for help): x
Expert command (m for help): h
Number of heads (1-256, default 30): 255
Expert command (m for help): s
Number of sectors (1-63, default 29): 63
Warning: setting sector offset for DOS compatiblity
Expert command (m for help): c
Number of cylinders (1-1048576, default 2286): <new_cylinders calculated from above> 

4：配置SD卡分区：

Expert command (m for help): r
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-123, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-123, default 123): +64M (see note above)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (10-123, default 10):
Using default value 10
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (10-123, default 123):
Using default value 123

5：Fat32 分区

Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-4): 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): c
Changed system type of partition 1 to c (W95 FAT32 (LBA))
* You have to format 1st partitions with vfat32 filesystem.
Command (m for help): a
Partition number (1-4): 1

6：检查分区表

Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 993 MB, 993001472 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 120 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 * 1 9 72261 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/sdc2 10 120 891607+ 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: If you have created or modified any DOS 6.x
partitions, please see the fdisk manual page for additional
information.
Syncing disks.

7：指定分区的文件系统：

# sudo mkfs.vfat -F 32 -n boot /dev/sdc1
# sudo mkfs.ext3 -L rootfs /dev/sdc2

8：挂载分区：

mkdir /tmp/mmc1
mkdir /tmp/mmc2
sudo mount /dev/sdc1 /tmp/mmc1
sudo mount /dev/sdc2 /tmp/mmc2

9：擦除分区第一个扇区信息

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/<sdb> bs=1024 count=1