大学英语（第五册）复习（原文及全文翻译）——Unit 10 - I Have a Dream（我有一个梦想）

Unit 10 - I Have a Dream

In 1863 President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation freeing all slaves in the United States. One hundred years after this decree was signed, however, the life of blacks was still "sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination." On August 28, 1963, a quarter of a million people of all races came to Washington, D. C. to show their support for freedom and justice for all Americans, and for black people in particular. At that demonstration Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered this famous speech, widely regarded as the most eloquent statement of the black people's dreams and aspirations ever made. Dr. King told the world, "I have a dream" that equality would come "to all of God's children." He said he wanted everyone to be able to "join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, 'Free at last! Free at last!…'"

I Have a Dream

Martin Luther King, Jr.

Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro salves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of captivity.

But one hundred years later, we must face the tragic fact that the Negro is still not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. So we have come here today to dramatize an appalling condition.

In a sense we have come to our nation's capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men would be guaranteed the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check; a check which has come back marked "insufficient funds." But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. So we have come to cash this check -- a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice. We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. Now is the time to make real the promises of Democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to open the doors of opportunity to all of God's children. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quick sands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.

It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment and to underestimate the determination of the Negro. This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. 1963 is not an end, but a beginning. There will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwind of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.

But there is something I must say to my people who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice. In the process of gaining our rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred. We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. Again and again we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force. The marvelous new militancy which people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny and their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom. We cannot walk alone.

And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall always march ahead. We cannot turn back. There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, "When will you be satisfied?" We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. We can never be satisfied as long as our children are stripped of their selfhood and robbed of their dignity by signs stating "For Whites Only," We cannot be satisfied as long as the Negro's basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one. We can never be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.

I say to you today, my friends, that in spite of the difficulties and frustrations of the moment I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.

I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal."

I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slaveowners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.

I have a dream that even the state of Mississippi, a desert state sweltering with the heat of injustice and oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.

I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.

I have a dream today.

I have a dream that the state of Alabama will be transformed into a situation where little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls and walk together as sisters and brothers.

I have a dream today.

I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough place will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.

This is our hope. This is the faith with which I return to the South. With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.

This will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with new meaning:

My country, tis of thee

Sweet land of liberty

Of thee I sing:

Land where my fathers died,

Land of the pilgrims' pride,

From every mountainside

Let freedom ring.

And if America is to be a great nation this must become true. So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire! Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania!

Let freedom ring from the snowcapped Rockies of Colorado!

Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California!

But not only that; let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia!

Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.

Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi. From every mountainside, let freedom ring.

When we let freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, "Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!"

参考译文——我有一个梦想

亚伯拉罕·林肯总统于1863年颁布了《解放黑奴宣言》，解放了美国所有奴隶。然而，签署这一法令一百年后的今天，黑人的生活仍然“悲惨地套着种族隔离和种族歧视的枷锁”。1963年8月28日，二十几万各个种族的人来到华盛顿，表示支持给所有美国人以自由和公正。特别是黑人。在那次示威集会上，小马丁·路德·金发表了这一著名演讲，演讲已被广泛视作关于黑人梦想与渴望的最雄辩的表述。金博士对世人说：“我有一个梦想”，那就是平等将”降临上帝的所有子女“。他说他要所有的人都能“携起手来，同声高唱那首古老的黑人圣歌‘终于自由了！终于自由了！……’”

我有一个梦想

马丁·路德·金

一百年前，一位美国伟人签署了《解放黑奴宣言》。今天我们正是站在这位伟人富有象征意义的雕像所投下的阴影里举行这次集会的。这一重要法令对在毁灭性的非正义烈焰中备受煎熬的数百万黑奴来说，犹如一座伟大的希望灯塔，犹如一束结束囚禁生活漫漫长夜的欢乐的黎明曙光。

但是，一百年后的今天，我们必须面对这样的悲惨现实：黑人仍然没有自由。一百年后的今天，黑人的生活仍然悲惨地套着种族隔离和种族歧视的枷锁。一百年后的今天，黑人依然生活在贫穷的孤岛上，而它的周围却是物质繁荣的辽阔海洋。一百年后的今天，黑人依然在美国社会的角落里苦苦挣扎，在自己的国土上成了流亡者。所以我们今天才到这儿来控诉这一骇人听闻的状况。

从某种意义上说，我们来到我国的首都是要兑现一张支票。当我们共和国的缔造者们写下《宪法》和《独立宣言》的庄严词句时，他们便签署了一张每一个美国人都可以继承的期票。这张期票是一张字据，它保证所有的人都享有不可剥夺的生存权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。

今天很明显，就其有色公民而言，美国并没有兑付这张期票。美国不仅没有承兑这笔神圣的款项，反而付给黑人一张空头支票，一张标明“存款不足”而退回来的支票。但是我们绝不相信正义的银行已经破产。我们绝不相信，在这个充满机会的国家里，它的巨大的金库会资金不足。因此我们才来要求兑现这张支票——一张见票就为我们兑现自由财富和正义保障的支票。我们来到这个神圣的地方，还为了要提醒美国记住现在的极度紧迫性。现在不是侈谈冷静或者服用渐进主义这帖镇静剂的时候。现在是实现民主诺言的时候。现在是从种族隔离这一黑暗、凄凉的山谷中走上种族公平的金光大道的时候。现在是为上帝所有的儿女打开机会之门的时候。现在是把我们的国家从种族不公平的流沙中拔出来，使之立足于兄弟情谊的坚固岩石之上的时候。

忽视现在的紧迫性并低估黑人的决心对这个国家将是致命的。在一个充满了自由平等、令人神清气爽的秋天出现之前，黑人表示正当不满的这一闷热的夏天将不会过去。1963年并不是结束，而只是一个开端。在黑人被赋予其公民权之前，美国将不会有平静或安宁。反抗的旋风将继续动摇我国的基础，直至充满正义的、光辉灿烂的日子出现为止。

但是对于站在温暖的门槛上，准备进入正义之宫的我的同胞们，我还有几句话一定要说。 在获取我们合法地位的过程中，我们一定不要用违法的行动使自己犯罪。我们切不可用仇恨的苦酒来满足我们对自由的渴望。我们必须永远在尊严和纪律的高水平上进行我们的斗争。我们决不能让我们富有创造性的抗争沦为针对肉体的暴力行为。我们必须以不懈的努力登上以灵魂力量对付肉体力量的庄严高地。目前已经席卷黑人社会的这种奇迹般出现的、新的战斗精神绝不可把我们引到对所有白种人的不信任，因为我们的许多白人兄弟，正如他们今天到这儿来参加集会所证明的，已经认识到他们的命运和我们的命运是息息相关的，他们的自由和我们的自由是紧密相连、不可分割的。我们不能单独行动。

在我们行动时，我们必须保证永远向前。我们决不能后退。有些人在问献身民权事业的人：“你们什么时候才满意呢?”只要黑人还在遭受令人极度恐怖的警察暴力的迫害，我们就永远不会满意。只要我们因旅途劳累而极度困倦的肉体在公路边的汽车旅馆和城市的旅馆中找不到投宿之处，我们就永远不会满意。只要我们的孩子被那些标明“只接待白人”的招牌剥夺了他们的人格和尊严，我们就永远不会满意。只要黑人的基本流动性只限于从一个较小的黑人区到一个较大的黑人区，我们就永远不会满意。只要密西西比州的黑人不能选举，纽约州的黑人认为选举毫无意义，我们就永远不会满意。不，不，我们不满意，而且永远不会满意，直至公平如大水滚滚，公义如江河滔滔之时。

朋友们，今天我要对你们说，尽管目前还有种种困难和挫折，我仍然怀有一个梦想。这是深深扎根于美国梦中的一个梦想。

我梦想有一天这个国家将站立起来，实践其信念的真谛：“我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的：一切人生来都是平等的。”

我梦想有一天在佐治亚州的红土丘陵上，原奴隶的儿子们和原奴隶主的儿子们将能够像兄弟一般坐在一起。

我梦想即使像密西西比州这样一个充满了不公和压迫的、酷热难熬的沙漠州也会变成一个自由和正义的绿洲。

我梦想有一天我的四个小孩将生活在一个不以他们的肤色而以他们的品格内涵来评价他们的国家里。

我今天有一个梦想。

我梦想亚拉巴马州的形势将会发生变化，那里的黑人男孩和女孩将能够和白人男孩和女孩携起手来像兄弟姐妹一样走在一起。

我今天有一个梦想。

我梦想有一天，每一个山洼都会填满，大小山冈都会削平，崎崎岖岖的地方将成为平原，高高低低的要改为平坦，耶和华的荣耀必然显现，凡有血气的，必一同看见。

这就是我们的希望。这就是我将带回南方的信念。怀着这个信念，我们就将能够从绝望的大山中凿出一块希望之石。怀着这个信念，我们就将能够把我国不和谐的嘈杂之声变为一首美丽的友爱交响曲。怀着这个信念，我们就能够一同工作，一同祈祷，一同斗争，一同坐牢， 一同争取自由，因为我们知道总有一天我们将获得自由。

到了那一天，上帝的所有子女将能以新的意义同声高唱：

我的祖国，

为了你我美好的自由之邦

为了你我在歌唱：

父辈的葬身之地

早期移民的骄傲之邦

让自由之声

响彻每座山冈。

如果美国要成为一个伟大的国家，这一点就一定要实现。所以让自由之声响彻新罕布什尔州雄伟奇特的山峰！让自由之声响彻宾夕法尼亚州高耸入云的阿勒格尼山脉！

让自由之声响彻科罗拉多州山顶积雪的落基山脉！

让自由之声响彻加利福尼亚州平缓的山坡！

但不仅仅是这些;让自由之声响彻佐治亚州的石山！

让自由之声响彻田纳西州的卢考特山！

让自由之声响彻密西西比州的每个地方，每座山冈！让自由之声响彻每个山坡！

当我们让自由之声响起，当我们让自由之声响彻每座村庄，每个村落，每个州和每个城市， 我们就能促使那一个美好的日子早日到来。到了那一天，上帝的所有子女，无论是黑人、白人、犹太人，非犹太人，新教徒和天主教徒都能携起手来，同声高唱那首古老的黑人圣歌：“终于自由了！终于自由了！感谢万能的上帝，我们终于自由了!”

另译：

我有一个梦想

一百年前，一位伟大的美国人签署了解放黑奴宣言，今天我们就是在他的雕像前集会。这一庄严宣言犹如灯塔的光芒，给千百万在那摧残生命的不义之火中受煎熬的黑奴带来了希望。它的到来犹如欢乐的黎明，结束了束缚黑人的漫漫长夜。

然而一百年后的今天，黑人还没有得到自由，一百年后的今天，在种族隔离的镣铐和种族歧视的枷锁下，黑人的生活备受压榨。一百年后的今天，黑人仍生活在物质充裕的海洋中一个贫困的孤岛上。一百年后的今天，黑人仍然萎缩在美国社会的角落里，并且意识到自己是故土家园中的流亡者。今天我们在这里集会，就是要把这种骇人听闻的情况公诸于众。

我并非没有注意到，参加今天集会的人中，有些受尽苦难和折磨，有些刚刚走出窄小的牢房，有些由于寻求自由，曾早居住地惨遭疯狂迫害的打击，并在警察暴行的旋风中摇摇欲坠。你们是人为痛苦的长期受难者。坚持下去吧，要坚决相信，忍受不应得的痛苦是一种赎罪。

让我们回到密西西比去，回到阿拉巴马去，回到南卡罗莱纳去，回到佐治亚去，回到路易斯安那去，回到我们北方城市中的贫民区和少数民族居住区去，要心中有数，这种状况是能够也必将改变的。我们不要陷入绝望而不能自拔。

朋友们，今天我对你们说，在此时此刻，我们虽然遭受种种困难和挫折，我仍然有一个梦想。这个梦是深深扎根于美国的梦想中的。

我梦想有一天，这个国家会站立起来，真正实现其信条的真谛：“我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的；人人生而平等。”

我梦想有一天，在佐治亚的红山上，昔日奴隶的儿子将能够和昔日奴隶主的儿子坐在一起，共叙兄弟情谊。

我梦想有一天，甚至连密西西比州这个正义匿迹，压迫成风，如同沙漠般的地方，也将变成自由和正义的绿洲。

我梦想有一天，我的四个孩子将在一个不是以他们的肤色，而是以他们的品格优劣来评判他们的国度里生活。

我今天有一个梦想。

我梦想有一天，阿拉巴马州能够有所转变，尽管该州州长现在仍然满口异议，反对联邦法令，但有着一日，那里的黑人男孩和女孩将能够与白人男孩和女孩情同骨肉，携手并进。

我今天有一个梦想。

我梦想有一天，幽谷上升，高山下降，坎坷曲折之路成坦途，圣光披露，满照人间。

这就是我们的希望。我怀着这种信念回到南方。有了这个信念，我们将能从绝望之岭劈出一块希望之石。有了这个信念，我们将能把这个国家刺耳的争吵声，改变成为一支洋溢手足之情的优美交响曲。有了这个信念，我们将能一起工作，一起祈祷，一起斗争，一起坐牢，一起维护自由；因为我们知道，终有一天，我们是会自由的。

在自由到来的那一天，上帝的所有儿女们将以新的含义高唱这支歌：“我的祖国，美丽的自由之乡，我为您歌唱。您是父辈逝去的地方，您是最初移民的骄傲，让自由之声响彻每个山冈。”

如果美国要成为一个伟大的国家，这个梦想必须实现。让自由之声从新罕布什尔州的巍峨峰巅响起来！让自由之声从纽约州的崇山峻岭响起来！让自由之声从宾夕法尼亚州阿勒格尼山的顶峰响起！让自由之声从科罗拉多州冰雪覆盖的落矶山响起来！让自由之声从加利福尼亚州蜿蜒的群峰响起来！不仅如此，还要让自由之声从佐治亚州的石岭响起来！让自由之声从田纳西州的了望山响起来！让自由之声从密西西比州的每一座丘陵响起来！让自由之声从每一片山坡响起来。

当我们让自由之声响起来，让自由之声从每一个大小村庄、每一个州和每一个城市响起来时，我们将能够加速这一天的到来，那时，上帝的所有儿女，黑人和白人，犹太人和非犹太人，新教徒和天主教徒，都将手携手，合唱一首古老的黑人灵歌：“终于自由啦！终于自由啦！感谢全能的上帝，我们终于自由啦！”

参考资料：

1. 大学英语精读第五册 Unit 10_大学教材听力 - 可可英语

2. 大学英语精读(第三版) 第五册: unit8A I Have a Dream(1)_大学教材听力 - 可可英语

3. I have a dream 原稿及翻译