ServletContext作为域对象来存储数据

ServletContext是一个域对象.

    * 作用范围:整个web工程.

    * 创建:服务器启动的时候,tomcat服务器为每个web项目创建一个单独ServletContext对象.

    * 销毁:服务器关闭的时候,或者项目从服务器中移除的时候.

样例：在Servlet中定义一个全局参数，统计成功登录人数。

    在/WEB-INF/web.xml中配置<load-on-startup>参数

  <servlet>
    <description></description>
    <display-name>UserLoginServlet</display-name>
    <servlet-name>UserLoginServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.servlet.UserLoginServlet</servlet-class>
    <!-- 标记容器是否在启动的时候就加载这个servlet(实例化并调用其init()方法)。值越小优先级越高（大于0的前提下） -->
    <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>UserLoginServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/UserLoginServlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

UserLoginServlet.java

package com.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding.Use;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.domain.User;
import com.service.UserLoginService;

/**
 * @author 侯青华
 * @version 创建时间：2018年3月7日  下午7:03:24
 * 用户登录servlet
 */
public class UserLoginServlet extends HttpServlet {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	
	//重写init(),初始化ServletContext
	@Override
	public void init() throws ServletException {
		//初始化一个变量count值为0
		int count = 0 ;
		//将这个值存入ServletContext中
		this.getServletContext().setAttribute("count", count);
		
	}
	

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		//解决向页面输出中文乱码问题（响应中文乱码问题）
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
		
		//获取表单提交的数据
		String username = request.getParameter("username");
		String password = request.getParameter("password");
		
		//封装对象到实体中
		User user= new User();
		user.setUsername(username);
		user.setPassword(password);
		
		//调用service层判断登录，返回User对象
		UserLoginService userLoginService = new UserLoginService();
		User existUser = userLoginService.login(user);
		if(existUser == null) {
			//登录失败
			response.getWriter().println("用户或密码错误！3秒后跳回登录界面！");
			//3秒后跳回登录页面
			response.setHeader("Refresh", "3;url=/day/demo_login/login.htm");
		}else {
			//统计成功登陆人数
			int count = (int) this.getServletContext().getAttribute("count");
			count++;
			this.getServletContext().setAttribute("count", count);
			//显示成功登陆人数
			count = (int) this.getServletContext().getAttribute("count");
			response.getWriter().println("<h1>您是第"+count+"位登录成功的用户！3秒后进入主界面~</h1>");
			//3秒后跳回登录页面
			response.setHeader("Refresh", "3;url=/day/demo_login/index.html");
			
//			//登陆成功
//			response.setStatus(302);	//重定向到登陆成功界面
//			response.setHeader("Location", "/day/demo_login/loginSuccess.html");
		}
		
		
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}
}