使用ListView加载网络图片

因为使用到网络下载图片，首先配置清单文件：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

在布局文件中加入一个ListView

 <ListView
        android:id="@+id/listView1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true" >
    </ListView>

在res/layout文件夹下新建一个item.xml，作为ListView的单元布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />

</LinearLayout>

创建一个HttpUtils.java工具类，有两个方法，一个是得到网络图片的字节数组，一个是得到网络图片的输入流：

package com.example.bitmaplist;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class HttpUtils {

    public HttpUtils() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    /**
     * 
     * @param path
     *            访问图片的路径
     * @return
     */
    public static byte[] sendPost(String path) {
        HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
        HttpGet httpPost = new HttpGet(path);
        HttpResponse response = null;
        System.out.println("here1");
        try {
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            System.out.println("here2");
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                System.out.println("here3");
                return EntityUtils.toByteArray(response.getEntity());
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO: handle exception
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
        }
        return null;
    }


    public static InputStream getInputStream(String URL_PATH) {
        InputStream inputStream = null;
        HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = null;
        try {
            URL url = new URL(URL_PATH);
            if (url != null) {
                httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                // 设置连接网络的超时时间
                httpURLConnection.setConnectTimeout(15000);
                httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);
                // 表示设置本次http请求使用GET方式请求
                httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
                int responseCode = httpURLConnection.getResponseCode();
                if (responseCode == 200) {
                    // 从服务器获得一个输入流
                    inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
                }
            }
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return inputStream;
    }
}

新建一个BitmapTools工具类，用于对Bitmap的解码，避免内存溢出：

package com.example.bitmaplist;

import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;

public class BitmapTools {

    public BitmapTools() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    /**
     * 
     * @param resources
     *            资源文件
     * @param resId
     *            解码位图的id
     * @param reqWith
     *            指定输出位图的宽度
     * @param reqHeight
     *            指定输出位图的高度
     * @return
     */
    public static Bitmap decodeBitmap(byte[] data, int reqWith, int reqHeight) {
        // 对位图进行解码的参数设置
        BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        // 在对位图进行解码的过程中，避免申请内存空间
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length, options);
        // 对图片进行一定比例的压缩处理
        options.inSampleSize = calculateInSimpleSize(options, reqWith,
                reqHeight);
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;// 真正输出位图
        return BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length, options);
    }

    /**
     * 
     * @param options
     * @param reqWith
     * @param reqHeight
     * @return
     */
    public static int calculateInSimpleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options,
            int reqWith, int reqHeight) {
        // 获得图片的原始宽高
        int imageHeight = options.outHeight;
        int imageWidth = options.outWidth;
        int inSimpleSize = 1;// 压缩比例
        if (imageHeight > reqHeight || imageWidth > reqWith) {
            final int heightRatio = Math.round((float) imageHeight
                    / (float) reqHeight);
            final int widthRatio = Math.round((float) imageWidth
                    / (float) reqWith);
            inSimpleSize = heightRatio < widthRatio ? heightRatio : widthRatio;
        }
        return inSimpleSize;
    }
}

新建一个Images类，用于获取网络图片的网址：

package com.example.bitmaplist;

public class Images {

    /**
     * 提供可以访问的字符串的url
     */
    public final static String[] imageUrls = new String[] {
        "http://g.hiphotos.baidu.com/image/pic/item/d62a6059252dd42afe5a4eaa013b5bb5c9eab864.jpg",
        "http://e.hiphotos.baidu.com/image/pic/item/e1fe9925bc315c60b01c4aa98eb1cb13485477ee.jpg",
        "http://b.hiphotos.baidu.com/image/pic/item/adaf2edda3cc7cd9840d6c923a01213fb80e915c.jpg",
        "http://h.hiphotos.baidu.com/image/pic/item/37d3d539b6003af355110221372ac65c1138b6cc.jpg",
        "http://h.hiphotos.baidu.com/image/pic/item/2e2eb9389b504fc2022d2904e7dde71190ef6d45.jpg",
        "http://e.hiphotos.baidu.com/image/w%3D230/sign=b978669fa486c9170803553af93c70c6/e7cd7b899e510fb32396f5f0da33c895d0430ccd.jpg",
        "http://d.hiphotos.baidu.com/image/pic/item/d043ad4bd11373f0f1e5223fa70f4bfbfaed04b3.jpg",
            };
    }

MainActivity中的代码如下：

package com.example.bitmaplist;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;

import android.nfc.tech.IsoDep;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ListView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private ListView listView;
    // 图片的链接
    private String[] imageUrls = Images.imageUrls;
    private ImageAdapter adapter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        listView = (ListView) this.findViewById(R.id.listView1);
        adapter = new ImageAdapter();
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);
        adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
    }

    public class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

        @Override
        public int getCount() {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            return imageUrls.length;
        }

        @Override
        public Object getItem(int position) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            return imageUrls[position];
        }

        @Override
        public long getItemId(int position) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            return position;
        }

        @Override
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            View view = null;
            if (convertView == null) {
                view = LayoutInflater.from(MainActivity.this).inflate(
                        R.layout.item, null);
            } else {
                view = convertView;
            }
            ImageView imageView = (ImageView) view
                    .findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
            // 从网络中获取数据，填充到imageview中
            // 可能会造成图片的错位：
            loadBitmap(imageUrls[position], imageView,position);
            return view;
        }

    }

    /**
     * 在滑动这些ListView的时候，会对就的布局进行资源回收，如果ListView结合异步任务操作的时候，不能确保重用的布局被及时回收
     * 
     * @author jack
     * 
     */
    static class AsyncDrawable extends BitmapDrawable {
        private final SoftReference<BitmapWorkerTask> softReference;

        public AsyncDrawable(Resources resources, Bitmap bitmap,
                BitmapWorkerTask bitmapWorkerTask) {
            super(resources, bitmap);
            softReference = new SoftReference<MainActivity.BitmapWorkerTask>(
                    bitmapWorkerTask);
        }

        public BitmapWorkerTask getBitmapWorkerTask() {
            return softReference.get();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 异步任务
     * 
     * @author jack
     * 
     */
    class BitmapWorkerTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Bitmap> {
        private SoftReference<ImageView> imageSoftReference;
        private String data = "";
        private int position;
        public BitmapWorkerTask(ImageView imageView,int position) {
            imageSoftReference = new SoftReference<ImageView>(imageView);
            this.position=position;
        }

        @Override  
        protected Bitmap doInBackground(String... params) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            data = params[0];
            byte[] result=null;
            InputStream inputstream=null;
            ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            System.out.println("--position-->>"+position);
            try {
                //result = HttpUtils.sendPost(data);
                //return BitmapTools.decodeBitmap(result, 80, 80);
                inputstream=HttpUtils.getInputStream(data);
                byte[] buf=new byte[1024];
                int len=0;
                while((len=inputstream.read(buf))!=-1){
                    bos.write(buf, 0, len);
                }
                result=bos.toByteArray();
                return BitmapTools.decodeBitmap(result, 80, 80);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // TODO: handle exception
            }finally{
                if(inputstream!=null){
                    try {
                        inputstream.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                if(bos!=null){
                    try {
                        bos.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            System.out.println(position+"--failed-->>");
            return BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.empty_photo);

        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap bitmap) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            super.onPostExecute(bitmap);
            if (isCancelled()) {
                bitmap = null;
            }
            if (imageSoftReference != null && bitmap != null) {
                final ImageView imageView = imageSoftReference.get();
                final BitmapWorkerTask bitmapWorkerTask = getBitmapWorkerTask(imageView);
                if (this == bitmapWorkerTask && imageView != null) {
                    imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private static BitmapWorkerTask getBitmapWorkerTask(ImageView imageView) {
        if (imageView != null) {
            final Drawable drawable = imageView.getDrawable();
            if (drawable instanceof AsyncDrawable) {
                final AsyncDrawable asyncDrawable = (AsyncDrawable) drawable;
                return asyncDrawable.getBitmapWorkerTask();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 
     * @param data
     * @param imageView
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean cancelPotntialWork(String data, ImageView imageView) {
        final BitmapWorkerTask bitmapWorkerTask = getBitmapWorkerTask(imageView);
        if (bitmapWorkerTask != null) {
            final String bitmapData = bitmapWorkerTask.data;
            if (bitmapData != data) {
                bitmapWorkerTask.cancel(true);
            } else {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 加载图片
     * 
     * @param data
     * @param imageView
     */
    public void loadBitmap(String data, ImageView imageView,int position) {
        Bitmap placeBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),
                R.drawable.empty_photo);
        if (cancelPotntialWork(data, imageView)) {
            final BitmapWorkerTask task = new BitmapWorkerTask(imageView,position);
            final AsyncDrawable asyncDrawable = new AsyncDrawable(
                    getResources(), placeBitmap, task);
            imageView.setImageDrawable(asyncDrawable);
            task.execute(data);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }

}

在doInBackground中，HttpUtils的两种方法都可以获取图片数据，输入流的方式可以设定网络连接时间，避免读取时间过长