hadoop shell命令介绍

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-11 17:09:39 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-11 17:09:39 发布

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分类专栏： Hadoop 文章标签： hadoop 数据挖掘数据分析 shell

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Hadoop 文件系统shell使用命令介绍，基本上所有的命令与linux命令相差不大，下面为我的hadoop系统文件夹
查看命令：hadoop fs -ls /home/hadoop/
drwxr-xr-x - hadoop supergroup       0 2013-11-30 17:51 /home/hadoop/dir
drwxr-xr-x - hadoop supergroup       0 2013-11-30 17:48 /home/hadoop/input
-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop supergroup       64 2013-11-30 17:50 /home/hadoop/ouput
drwxr-xr-x - hadoop supergroup       0 2013-11-29 22:50 /home/hadoop/output
drwxr-xr-x - hadoop supergroup       0 2013-11-29 22:50 /home/hadoop/tmp

查看所有命令帮助：hadoop fs --help

cat

Usage: hadoop fs -cat URI [URI …]

查看fs文件内容

例子:

hadoop fs -cat /home/hadoop/input/content.txt

Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

chgrp

Usage: hadoop fs -chgrp [-R] GROUP URI [URI …]

Change group association of files. With -R, make the change recursively through the directory structure. The user must be the owner of files, or else a super-user. Additional information is in the Permissions User Guide.

chmod

Usage: hadoop fs -chmod [-R] <MODE[,MODE]... | OCTALMODE> URI [URI …]

Change the permissions of files. With -R, make the change recursively through the directory structure. The user must be the owner of the file, or else a super-user. Additional information is in the Permissions User Guide.

chown

Usage: hadoop fs -chown [-R] [OWNER][:[GROUP]] URI [URI ]

Change the owner of files. With -R, make the change recursively through the directory structure. The user must be a super-user. Additional information is in the Permissions User Guide.

copyFromLocal

Usage: hadoop fs -copyFromLocal <localsrc> URI

例子：

hadoop fs -copyFromLocal /home/hadoop/address /home/hadoop/input

Similar to put command, except that the source is restricted to a local file reference.

copyToLocal

Usage: hadoop fs -copyToLocal [-ignorecrc] [-crc] URI <localdst>

例子：

hadoop fs -copyToLocal /home/hadoop/input/content.txt /home/hadoop/mylocal

Similar to get command, except that the destination is restricted to a local file reference.

Usage: hadoop fs -cp URI [URI …] <dest>

Copy files from source to destination. This command allows multiple sources as well in which case the destination must be a directory.
例子:

hadoop fs -cp /home/hadoop/input/content.txt /home/hadoop/ouput
hadoop fs -cp /home/hadoop/input/address /home/hadoop/ouput /home/hadoop/dir

Exit Code:

Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

Usage: hadoop fs -du URI [URI …]

Displays aggregate length of files contained in the directory or the length of a file in case its just a file.
例子:
hadoop fs -du /home/hadoop/dir /home/hadoop/input

输出结果：

Found 2 items

65 hdfs://localhost:9000/home/hadoop/dir/address

64 hdfs://localhost:9000/home/hadoop/dir/ouput

Found 2 items

65 hdfs://localhost:9000/home/hadoop/input/address

64 hdfs://localhost:9000/home/hadoop/input/content.txt

Exit Code:
Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

dus

Usage: hadoop fs -dus <args>

例子：

hadoop fs -dus /home/hadoop/dir

输出： hdfs://localhost:9000/home/hadoop/dir 129

Displays a summary of file lengths.

expunge 手动清除fs回收站

Usage: hadoop fs -expunge

Empty the Trash. Refer to HDFS Design for more information on Trash feature.

get

Usage: hadoop fs -get [-ignorecrc] [-crc] <src> <localdst>

Copy files to the local file system. Files that fail the CRC check may be copied with the -ignorecrc option. Files and CRCs may be copied using the -crc option.

例子:

hadoop fs -get /home/hadoop/input/content.txt /home/hadoop/mylocal/
hadoop fs -get hdfs://nn.example.com/user/hadoop/file localfile

Exit Code:

Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

getmerge

Usage: hadoop fs -getmerge <src> <localdst> [addnl]

Takes a source directory and a destination file as input and concatenates files in src into the destination local file. Optionally addnl can be set to enable adding a newline character at the end of each file.

Usage: hadoop fs -ls <args>

For a file returns stat on the file with the following format:
filename <number of replicas> filesize modification_date modification_time permissions userid groupid
For a directory it returns list of its direct children as in unix. A directory is listed as:
dirname <dir> modification_time modification_time permissions userid groupid
例子:
hadoop fs -ls /home/hadoop/input/ /home/hadoop/ouput/

输出：

Found 2 items

-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop supergroup 65 2013-11-30 17:48 /home/hadoop/input/address

-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop supergroup 64 2013-11-29 22:48 /home/hadoop/input/content.txt

Found 1 items

-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop supergroup 64 2013-11-30 17:50 /home/hadoop/ouput

Exit Code:
Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

lsr

Usage: hadoop fs -lsr <args>

例子：

hadoop fs -lsr /home/hadoop/input/ /home/hadoop/ouput/

输出：

-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop supergroup 65 2013-11-30 17:48 /home/hadoop/input/address

-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop supergroup 64 2013-11-29 22:48 /home/hadoop/input/content.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop supergroup 64 2013-11-30 17:50 /home/hadoop/ouput

Recursive version of ls. Similar to Unix ls -R.

mkdir

Usage: hadoop fs -mkdir <paths>

Takes path uri's as argument and creates directories. The behavior is much like unix mkdir -p creating parent directories along the path.

例子:

hadoop fs -mkdir /home/hadoop/input/ /home/hadoop/ouput/
hadoop fs -mkdir hdfs://nn1.example.com/user/hadoop/dir hdfs://nn2.example.com/user/hadoop/dir

Exit Code:

Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

movefromLocal

Usage: dfs -moveFromLocal <src> <dst>

Displays a "not implemented" message.

Usage: hadoop fs -mv URI [URI …] <dest>

Moves files from source to destination. This command allows multiple sources as well in which case the destination needs to be a directory. Moving files across filesystems is not permitted.
例子:

hadoop fs -mv /home/hadoop/input/lzw /home/hadoop/output
hadoop fs -mv hdfs://nn.example.com/file1 hdfs://nn.example.com/file2 hdfs://nn.example.com/file3 hdfs://nn.example.com/dir1

Exit Code:

Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

put

Usage: hadoop fs -put <localsrc> ... <dst>

Copy single src, or multiple srcs from local file system to the destination filesystem. Also reads input from stdin and writes to destination filesystem.

hadoop fs -put /home/hadoop/lzw /home/hadoop/input
hadoop fs -put /home/hadoop/lzw /home/hadoop/lzw1 /home/hadoop/input
hadoop fs -put localfile hdfs://nn.example.com/hadoop/hadoopfile
hadoop fs -put - hdfs://nn.example.com/hadoop/hadoopfile
Reads the input from stdin.

Exit Code:

Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

rm 删除文件

Usage: hadoop fs -rm URI [URI …]

Delete files specified as args. Only deletes non empty directory and files. Refer to rmr for recursive deletes.
例子:

hadoop fs -rm /home/hadoop/output/lzw

Exit Code:

Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

rmr 删除文件夹

Usage: hadoop fs -rmr URI [URI …]

Recursive version of delete.
例子:

hadoop fs -rmr /home/hadoop/output
hadoop fs -rmr hdfs://nn.example.com/user/hadoop/dir

Exit Code:

Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

setrep

Usage: hadoop fs -setrep [-R] <path>

Changes the replication factor of a file. -R option is for recursively increasing the replication factor of files within a directory.

例子:

hadoop fs -setrep -w 3 -R /user/hadoop/dir1

Exit Code:

Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

stat

Usage: hadoop fs -stat URI [URI …]

Returns the stat information on the path.

例子:

hadoop fs -stat /home/hadoop/input

输出：

2013-11-30 16:00:27

Exit Code:
Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

tail

Usage: hadoop fs -tail [-f] URI

Displays last kilobyte of the file to stdout. -f option can be used as in Unix.

例子:

hadoop fs -tail pathname

Exit Code:
Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

test

Usage: hadoop fs -test -[ezd] URI

Options:
-e check to see if the file exists. Return 0 if true.
-z check to see if the file is zero length. Return 0 if true
-d check return 1 if the path is directory else return 0.

例子: