13. 设计模式 享元模式

享元模式的定义与特点

享元（Flyweight）模式的定义：运用共享技术来有効地支持大量细粒度对象的复用。它通过共享已经存在的又橡来大幅度减少需要创建的对象数量、避免大量相似类的开销，从而提高系统资源的利用率。

享元模式的主要优点是：相同对象只要保存一份，这降低了系统中对象的数量，从而降低了系统中细粒度对象给内存带来的压力。

其主要缺点是：

1. 为了使对象可以共享，需要将一些不能共享的状态外部化，这将增加程序的复杂性。
2. 读取享元模式的外部状态会使得运行时间稍微变长。

原文链接

http://www.javaxmw.com/info?intId=23

public class FlyweightTest {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub

   }

}

//非享元角色
class UnsharedConcreteFlyweight
{
   private String info;
   UnsharedConcreteFlyweight(String info) {
      this.info = info;
   }
   
   public String getInfo() {
      return info;
   }
   
   public void setInfo(String info) {
      this.info = info;
   }
}

//抽象享元角色
interface Flyweight
{
   public void operation(UnsharedConcreteFlyweight state);
}

//具体享元角色
class ConcreteFlyweight implements Flyweight
{
   private String key;
   ConcreteFlyweight (String key) {
      this.key = key;
      System.out.println("具体享元"+key+"被创建!");
   }
   
   @Override
   public void operation(UnsharedConcreteFlyweight state) {
      System.out.println("具体享元"+key+"被调用!");
      System.out.println("非享元信息是："+state.getInfo());
   }
}

class FlyweightFactory
{
   private HashMap flyweights = new HashMap();
   
   public Flyweight getFlyweight(String key) {
      Flyweight flyweight = flyweights.get(key);
         if(flyweight!=null)
           {
               System.out.println("具体享元"+key+"已经存在，被成功获取！");
           } else{
               flyweight=new ConcreteFlyweight(key);
               flyweights.put(key, flyweight);
           }
           return flyweight;
   }
}