Android扩展存储--ExtraStorage

存储的分类：
》SharedPreferences
》InternalStorage内部存储
》ExtraStorage扩展存储
》Sqlite
》网络存储

=======================

ExtraStorage扩展存储

特点：1,外部存储不一定有效,当外部存储不存在时,数据无法存储
          2,数据是全局可读的  能被其他程序读和写

          3,当删除当前应用程序时，内部私有数据会被删除,public不会被删除掉

实例

添加网络权限

<span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.week3_day3_extrastorage"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="17" />
     <!-- 外部存储权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name="com.example.week3_day3_extrastorage.MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>
</span>

布局文件

<span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;"><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        android:text="测试外部存储是否可用" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        android:text="写入数据到外部存储" />
    
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn3"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        android:text="读出外部存储数据" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn4"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        android:text="得到文件字节总长度" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn5"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        android:text="得到文件剩余字节长度" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn6"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        android:text="是否删除文件" />
     <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn7"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        android:text="写入数据到private外部存储" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn8"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        android:text="读出private外部存储数据" />

</LinearLayout></span>

逻辑代码--MainActivity

<span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;">package com.example.week3_day3_extrastorage;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.app.Activity;
/**
 *  <!-- 外部存储权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
 *
 */
public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
	}

	public void onClick(View v) {
		switch (v.getId()) {
		case R.id.btn1:
			// 调用工具类,判断外部存储状态,返回一个布尔值
			boolean b = SdCardUtils.isExtraStrrage();
			Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "外部存储状态是:" + b,
					Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			break;
		case R.id.btn2:
			boolean b1 = SdCardUtils.writeStoragePublic("aaabbbcccddd",
					"info.txt");
			Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "是否写入数据到外部存储设备:" + b1,
					Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			break;
		case R.id.btn3:
			String str=SdCardUtils.readStoragePublic("info.txt");
			Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "读出数据是:"+str,
					Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			break;
		case R.id.btn4:
			long l = SdCardUtils.getLength();
			Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "文件长度是:"+l,
					Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			break;
		case R.id.btn5:
			long l1 = SdCardUtils.getFreeSpace();
			Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "文件剩余长度是:"+l1,
					Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			break;
		case R.id.btn6:
			boolean b2 = SdCardUtils.idDelete("info.txt");
			Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "是否删除数据:"+b2,
					Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			break;
		case R.id.btn7:
			boolean b3 = SdCardUtils.WriteStoragePrivate(getApplicationContext(), "vvvvvvvvvv", "a.txt");
			Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "是否写入数据到外部存储设备:" + b3,
					Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			break;
		case R.id.btn8:
			String str1 = SdCardUtils.readStoragePrivate(getApplicationContext(), "a.txt");
			Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "读出数据是:"+str1,
					Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
	}
}
</span>

工具类

<span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;">package com.example.week3_day3_extrastorage;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import com.example.week3_day3_extrastorage.R.string;

import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Environment;

public class SdCardUtils {
	/**
	 * 获取外部存储状态 外部可读性状态比较 相等为true 不相等 false
	 */
	public static boolean isExtraStrrage() {
		Boolean b1 = false;
		if (Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().equals(
				Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
			b1 = true;
		}
		return b1;
	}

	/**
	 * 写入数据到外部存储--public
	 */
	public static boolean writeStoragePublic(String contents, String fileName) {
		// 外部存储文件：Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS
		// 路径：mnt/sdcard/Download/fileName
		// 变量表示是否写入数据到外部存储
		boolean isWrite = false;
		// 创建文件,参数1:外部存储文件地址,参数2:文件名
		File file = new File(
				Environment
						.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS),
				fileName);
		try {
			// 文件输出流--写入数据
			FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
			fileOutputStream.write(contents.getBytes());
			isWrite = true;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return isWrite;
	}

	/**
	 * 读出外部存储数据--public
	 */
	public static String readStoragePublic(String fileName) {
		File file = new File(
				// 得到读取数据的路径和名称
				Environment
						.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS),
				fileName);
		StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
		BufferedReader br = null;
		FileInputStream inputStream = null;
		try {
			// 文件输入流--读出数据
			inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
			String line;
			while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
				stringBuffer.append(line);
			}
			return stringBuffer.toString();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (br != null) {
				try {
					br.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			if (inputStream != null) {
				try {
					inputStream.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
		return null;

	}
	/**
	 * private 和public  存储的路径不一样   private存到自己的包名下
	 * 
	 * 写入数据到private外部存储
	 * 
	 * @param contents
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean WriteStoragePrivate(Context context,String contents, String fileName) {
		/**
		 * 外部存储文件：
		 * 
		 * 路径：mnt/sdcard/Android/data/包名/files/fileName
		 */
		File file = new File(context.getExternalFilesDir(null),fileName);

		boolean isWrite = false;

		try {
			FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
			fileOutputStream.write(contents.getBytes());
			isWrite = true;

		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return isWrite;

	}

	/**
	 * 读出外部private 数据
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String readStoragePrivate(Context context,String fileName) {

		File file = new File(context.getExternalFilesDir(null),fileName);
		StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
		FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
		BufferedReader br = null;

		try {
			fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fileInputStream));
			String line = null;
			while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
				stringBuffer.append(line);
			}

			return stringBuffer.toString();
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			
			if(fileInputStream!=null){
				try {
					fileInputStream.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			
			if(br!=null){
				try {
					br.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}

		}

		return null;
	}
	/*
	 * 文件字节的总长度
	 */
	public static long getLength(){
		File file=new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"");
		long l=file.getTotalSpace();
		return l;
	}
	/*
	 * 获取剩余字节的长度
	 */
	public static long getFreeSpace(){
		File file=new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"");
		long l=file.getFreeSpace();
		return l;
	}
	/*
	 * 根据文件名删除指定数据
	 */
	public static boolean idDelete(String fileName){
		File file=new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),fileName);
		boolean b=file.delete();
		return b;
	}
}
</span>