volatile AtomicInteger java多线程操作 原子性

volatile关键字要求线程在使用变量的时候，必须马上从主内存读取，在修改完成之后，马上将数据写入主内存。
这个过程无法对线程进行同步。
比如：
线程1从主内存读取到count的值为2，还没有操作的时候，线程2从主内存也把count读取到线程内部，这个时候依然是2.
然后线程1把count自加1设为3，立即刷新到主内存里面。线程2也把counter自加1设置为3，刷新到主内存里面
这样，线程2的操作就丢失了。

因此可以使用加锁或者AtomicInteger关键字来处理

public class VolatileWrong {


volatile static int count  = 0;

public static void main(String[] args) {

new VolatileWrong().new ThreadHandler().start();
new VolatileWrong().new ThreadHandler().start();
new VolatileWrong().new ThreadHandler().start();
new VolatileWrong().new ThreadHandler().start();

try {
Thread.sleep(6000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(count);
}


class ThreadHandler extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
for(int i = 0; i< 10000; i++){
count++;
}
}
}
}

===============================================

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;


public class VolatileWrong1 {


volatile static int count  = 0;

public static void main(String[] args) {
CountDownLatch cdl = new CountDownLatch(4);

new VolatileWrong1().new ThreadHandler(cdl).start();
new VolatileWrong1().new ThreadHandler(cdl).start();
new VolatileWrong1().new ThreadHandler(cdl).start();
new VolatileWrong1().new ThreadHandler(cdl).start();

try {
cdl.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

System.out.println(count);
}


class ThreadHandler extends Thread {
CountDownLatch cdl ;

ThreadHandler(CountDownLatch cdl){
this.cdl = cdl;
}

@Override
public void run() {
for(int i = 0; i< 1000000; i++){
count++;
}
cdl.countDown();
}
}
}

==============应使用如下代码==========================

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;


public class VolatileWrong2 {


static AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0) ;

public static void main(String[] args) {
CountDownLatch cdl = new CountDownLatch(4);

new VolatileWrong2().new ThreadHandler(cdl).start();
new VolatileWrong2().new ThreadHandler(cdl).start();
new VolatileWrong2().new ThreadHandler(cdl).start();
new VolatileWrong2().new ThreadHandler(cdl).start();

try {
cdl.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

System.out.println(count);
}


class ThreadHandler extends Thread {
CountDownLatch cdl ;

ThreadHandler(CountDownLatch cdl){
this.cdl = cdl;
}

@Override
public void run() {
for(int i = 0; i< 1000000; i++){
count.incrementAndGet();
//count.getAndIncrement();
}
cdl.countDown();
}
}
}